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IEC 61000-4-2
Edition 2.0 2008-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge
immunity test
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-2: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Essai d'immunité aux décharges
électrostatiques
IEC 61000-4-2:2008
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED
Copyright © 2008 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or
IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
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IEC 61000-4-2
Edition 2.0 2008-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) –
Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge
immunity test
Compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM) –
Partie 4-2: Techniques d'essai et de mesure – Essai d'immunité aux décharges
électrostatiques
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
ICS 33.100.20
PRICE CODE
CODE PRIX
ISBN 2-8318-1019-7
BASIC EMC PUBLICATION
PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE EN CEM
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
– 2 – 61000-4-2 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD...........................................................................................................................4
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................6
1 Scope...............................................................................................................................7
2 Normative references .......................................................................................................7
3 Terms and definitions .......................................................................................................8
4 General ..........................................................................................................................10
5 Test levels......................................................................................................................10
6 Test generator................................................................................................................10
6.1 General .................................................................................................................10
6.2 Characteristics and performance of the ESD generator .........................................11
6.3 Verification of the ESD setup.................................................................................14
7 Test setup ......................................................................................................................15
7.1 Test equipment .....................................................................................................15
7.2 Test setup for tests performed in laboratories........................................................15
7.2.1 Test requirements......................................................................................15
7.2.2 Table-top equipment..................................................................................16
7.2.3 Floor-standing equipment ..........................................................................17
7.2.4 Ungrounded equipment .............................................................................18
7.3 Test setup for post-installation tests ......................................................................22
8 Test procedure ...............................................................................................................23
8.1 Laboratory reference conditions ............................................................................23
8.1.1 Environmental parameters.........................................................................23
8.1.2 Climatic conditions ....................................................................................23
8.1.3 Electromagnetic conditions........................................................................24
8.2 EUT exercising......................................................................................................24
8.3 Execution of the test..............................................................................................24
8.3.1 Discharges to the EUT...............................................................................24
8.3.2 Direct application of discharges to the EUT ...............................................24
8.3.3 Indirect application of the discharge ..........................................................26
9 Evaluation of test results ................................................................................................27
10 Test report......................................................................................................................27
Annex A (informative) Explanatory notes .............................................................................28
Annex B (normative) Calibration of the current measurement system and
measurement of discharge current........................................................................................
33
Annex C (informative) Example of a calibration target meeting the requirements
of Annex B............................................................................................................................
39
Annex D (informative) Radiated fields from human metal discharge and ESD
generators ............................................................................................................................
45
Annex E (informative) Measurement uncertainty (MU) considerations ..................................55
Annex F (informative) Variation in test results and escalation strategy.................................62
Bibliography..........................................................................................................................63
Figure 1 – Simplified diagram of the ESD generator..............................................................
11
Figure 2 – Ideal contact discharge current waveform at 4 kV ................................................13
Figure 3 – Discharge electrodes of the ESD generator..........................................................14
61000-4-2 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
Figure 4 – Example of test set-up for table-top equipment, laboratory tests ..........................
17
Figure 5 – Example of test setup for floor-standing equipment, laboratory tests ....................18
Figure 6 – Example of a test setup for ungrounded table-top equipment ...............................20
Figure 7 – Example of a test setup for ungrounded floor-standing equipment........................21
Figure 8 – Example of test setup for floor-standing equipment, post-installation tests ...........23
Figure A.1 – Maximum values of electrostatic voltages to which operators may be
charged while in contact with the materials mentioned in Clause A.2 ....................................
29
Figure B.1 – Example of a target adapter line attached to current target ...............................34
Figure B.2 – Example of a front side of a current target ........................................................34
Figure B.3 – Example of measurement of the insertion loss of a current target-
attenuator-cable chain ..........................................................................................................
35
Figure B.4 – Circuit diagram to determine the low-frequency system transfer
impedance ............................................................................................................................
36
Figure B.5 – Typical arrangement for calibration of ESD generator performance...................38
Figure C.1 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 1 of 5) ....................................40
Figure C.2 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 2 of 5) ....................................41
Figure C.3 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 3 of 5) ....................................42
Figure C.4 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 4 of 5) ....................................43
Figure C.5 – Mechanical drawing of a coaxial target (drawing 5 of 5) ....................................44
Figure D.1 – Electric field of a real human, holding metal, charged at 5 kV measured
at 0,1 m distance and for an arc length of 0,7 mm.................................................................
48
Figure D.2 – Magnetic field of a real human, holding metal, charged at 5 kV, measured
at 0,1 m distance and for an arc length of approximately 0,5 mm ..........................................
48
Figure D.3 – Semi-circle loop on the ground plane................................................................49
Figure D.4 – Voltages induced in a semi-loop .......................................................................50
Figure D.5 – Example of test setup to measure radiated ESD fields......................................50
Figure D.6 – Comparison between measured (solid line) and calculated numerically
(dot line) voltage drop on the loop for a distance of 45 cm ....................................................
52
Figure D.7 – Comparison between calculated H field from measured data (solid line)
and H field calculated by numerical simulation (dotted line) for a distance of 45 cm.............
52
Figure D.8 – Structure illuminated by radiated fields and equivalent circuit ...........................53
Figure D.9 – Radiated H fields ..............................................................................................54
Table 1 – Test levels.............................................................................................................
10
Table 2 – General specifications...........................................................................................12
Table 3 – Contact discharge current waveform parameters ...................................................12
Table 4 – Cases for application of ESD on connectors..........................................................25
Table A.1 – Guideline for the selection of the test levels .......................................................30
Table B.1 – Contact discharge calibration procedure ............................................................37
Table E.1 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD rise time calibration ..............................59
Table E.2 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD peak current calibration ........................60
Table E.3 – Example of uncertainty budget for ESD I
30
, I
60
calibration................................61
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