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MIPSpro Assembly Language Programmer's Guide
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MIPS汇编语言指南 详细介绍了指令集 伪操作等编写MIPS汇编语言程序和阅读MIPS汇编语言代码的各种知识 非常实用
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MIPSpro
™
Assembly Language
Programmer’s Guide
Document Number 007-2418-003
MIPSpro™ Assembly Language Programmer’s Guide
Document Number 007-2418-003
CONTRIBUTORS
Written by Larry Huffman, revised by Wendy Ferguson
Edited by Larry Huffman
Production by Kirsten Johnson
Engineering contributions by Bean Anderson, Jim Dehnert, Suneel Jain, Michael
Murphy
Dedicated to the memory of our friend, Larry Huffman.
© Copyright 1997 Silicon Graphics, Inc.— All Rights Reserved
This document contains proprietary and confidential information of Silicon
Graphics, Inc. The contents of this document may not be disclosed to third parties,
copied, or duplicated in any form, in whole or in part, without the prior written
permission of Silicon Graphics, Inc.
RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
Use, duplication, or disclosure of the technical data contained in this document by
the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (c) (1) (ii) of the
Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 52.227-7013
and/or in similar or successor clauses in the FAR, or in the DOD or NASA FAR
Supplement. Unpublished rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United
States. Contractor/manufacturer is Silicon Graphics, Inc., 2011 N. Shoreline Blvd.,
Mountain View, CA 94039-7311.
Silicon Graphics and IRIS are registered trademarks and CASEVision,
CHALLENGE, Impressario, Indigo Magic, Inventor, IRIS-4D, IRIS IM, IRIS
Showcase, IRIX , POWER Series, Onyx, RealityEngine, and WorkShop are
trademarks of Silicon Graphics, Inc. MIPS, R4000, and R8000 are registered
trademarks, and MIPSpro and R10000 are trademarks of MIPS Technologies, Inc.
OSF/Motif is a trademark of Open Software Foundation, Inc. PostScript is a
registered trademark and Display PostScript is a trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc.
UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed
exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. The X Window System is a trademark
of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
iii
Contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xi
About This Guide xiii
Audience xiv
Topics Covered xiv
1. Registers 1
Register Format 1
General Registers 2
Special Registers 4
Floating-Point Registers 5
Floating-Point Condition Codes 7
2. Addressing 9
Instructions to Load and Store Unaligned Data 9
Address Formats 11
Address Descriptions 11
3. Exceptions 13
Main Processor Exceptions 13
Floating-Point Exceptions 14
iv
Contents
4. Lexical Conventions 15
Tokens 16
Comments 16
Identifiers 16
Constants 17
Scalar Constants 17
Floating-Point Constants 18
String Constants 19
Multiple Lines Per Physical Line 20
Section and Location Counters 20
Statements 22
Label Definitions 22
Null Statements 23
Keyword Statements 23
Expressions 23
Precedence 24
Expression Operators 25
Data Types 26
Type Propagation in Expressions 28
Relocations 28
5. The Instruction Set 31
Instruction Classes 32
Reorganization Constraints and Rules 32
Instruction Notation 32
Instruction Set 34
Load and Store Instructions 34
Load Instruction Descriptions 36
Store Instruction Descriptions 40
Computational Instructions 44
Computational Instructions 44
Computational Instruction Descriptions 48
Contents
v
Jump and Branch Instructions 59
Jump and Branch Instructions 59
Jump and Branch Instruction Descriptions 61
Special Instructions 65
Coprocessor Interface Instructions 66
Coprocessor Interface Summary 66
Coprocessor Interface Instruction Descriptions 67
6. Coprocessor Instruction Set 71
Instruction Notation 72
Floating-Point Instructions 73
Floating-Point Formats 73
Floating-Point Load and Store Formats 74
Floating-Point Load and Store Descriptions 75
Floating-Point Computational Formats 76
Floating-Point Computational Instruction Descriptions 80
Floating-Point Relational Operations 81
Floating-Point Relational Instruction Formats 84
Floating-Point Relational Instruction Descriptions 86
Floating-Point Move Formats 89
Floating-Point Move Instruction Descriptions 90
System Control Coprocessor Instructions 91
System Control Coprocessor Instruction Formats 91
System Control Coprocessor Instruction Descriptions 92
Control and Status Register 93
Exception Trap Processing 95
Invalid Operation Exception 95
Division-by-zero Exception 96
Overflow Exception 96
Underflow Exception 97
Inexact Exception 98
Unimplemented Operation Exception 98
Floating-Point Rounding 99
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