没有合适的资源？快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
GUN make 使用手册
需积分: 9 8 下载量 46 浏览量
2018-03-08
15:16:19
上传
评论
收藏 299KB DOCX 举报
温馨提示
试读
64页
GUN make使用手册，版本较老，但确是拥有经验的老手自己的解读，类似于学习笔记的东西，里面加了许多的自己的解读，对于初学者来说是至关重要的，自己也是亲自系统的学习了一遍，收获颇多，推荐给初学的各位
资源推荐
资源详情
资源评论
GNU make 中文手册
ver - 3.8
翻译整理：徐海兵
2004-09-11
GNU make 中文手
册
2
2004 年 9 月
目 录 Table of Contents
GNU make 中文手册........................................................................................................1
ver - 3.8..........................................................................................................................................1
第一章：概述..................................................................................................................7
1.1概述....................................................................................................................7
1.2准备知识..............................................................................................................8
第二章 GNU make 介绍...................................................................................................9
2 GNU make 介绍........................................................................................................9
2.1Makefile 简介......................................................................................................10
2.2Makefile 规则介绍...............................................................................................11
2.3简单的示例.........................................................................................................12
2.4make 如何工作...................................................................................................13
2.5指定变量............................................................................................................15
2.6自动推导规则.....................................................................................................16
2.7另类风格的 makefile.........................................................................................................17
2.8清除工作目录过程文件.........................................................................................18
第三章：Makefile 总述...................................................................................................20
3 Makefile 总述...........................................................................................................20
3.1Makefile 的内容..................................................................................................20
3.2makefile 文件的命名............................................................................................21
3.3包含其它 makefile 文件........................................................................................22
3.4变量 MAKEFILES............................................................................................................24
3.5变量 MAKEFILE_LIST.....................................................................................................26
3.6其他特殊变量.....................................................................................................26
3.7makefile 文件的重建............................................................................................27
3.8重载另外一个 makefile.....................................................................................................28
3.9make 如何解析 makefile 文件................................................................................30
3.9.1 变量取值..................................................................................................30
3.9.2 条件语句..................................................................................................31
3.9.3 规则的定义..............................................................................................31
3.10 总结..................................................................................................................31
第四章：Makefile 的规则................................................................................................33
4 Makefile 规则...........................................................................................................33
4.1一个例子............................................................................................................33
4.2规则语法............................................................................................................34
4.3依赖的类型.........................................................................................................35
4.4文件名使用通配符...............................................................................................36
4.4.1 统配符使用举例........................................................................................37
4.4.2 通配符存在的缺陷.....................................................................................38
4.4.3 函数 wildcard........................................................................................................38
4.5目录搜寻............................................................................................................39
4.5.1 一般搜索（变量 VPATH）.........................................................................39
4.5.2 选择性搜索（关键字 vpath）......................................................................40
4.5.3 目录搜索的机制........................................................................................41
4.5.4 命令行和搜索目录.....................................................................................44
4.5.5 隐含规则和搜索目录..................................................................................44
4.5.6 库文件和搜索目录.....................................................................................45
4.6Makefile 伪目标..................................................................................................46
4.7强制目标（没有命令或依赖的规则）......................................................................50
4.8空目标文件.........................................................................................................50
4.9Makefile 的特殊目标............................................................................................51
GNU make 中文手
册
3
2004 年 9 月
4.10 多目标..........................................................................................................54
4.11 多规则目标....................................................................................................55
4.12 静态模式.......................................................................................................56
4.12.1 静态模式规则的语法..............................................................................56
4.12.2 静态模式和隐含规则..............................................................................58
4.13 双冒号规则....................................................................................................59
4.14 自动产生依赖.................................................................................................60
第五章：规则的命令.......................................................................................................63
5 为规则书写命令.......................................................................................................63
5.1命令回显............................................................................................................63
5.2命令的执行.........................................................................................................64
5.3并发执行命令.....................................................................................................65
5.4命令执行的错误..................................................................................................67
5.5中断 make 的执行................................................................................................68
5.6make 的递归执行................................................................................................69
5.6.1 变量 MAKE...........................................................................................................70
5.6.2 变量和递归..............................................................................................71
5.6.3 命令行选项和递归.....................................................................................75
5.6.4 -w 选项.........................................................................................................77
5.7定义命令包.........................................................................................................78
5.8空命令...............................................................................................................80
第六章：Makefile 中的变量.............................................................................................81
6 使用变量.................................................................................................................81
6.1变量的引用.........................................................................................................82
6.2两种变量定义（赋值）.........................................................................................83
6.2.1 递归展开式变量........................................................................................83
6.2.2 直接展开式变量........................................................................................85
6.2.3 定义一个空格...........................................................................................86
6.2.4 “?=”操作符...................................................................................................87
6.3变量的高级用法..................................................................................................88
6.3.1 变量的替换引用........................................................................................88
6.3.2 变量的套嵌引用........................................................................................88
6.4变量取值............................................................................................................92
6.5如何设置变量.....................................................................................................93
6.6追加变量值.........................................................................................................94
6.7override 指示符..................................................................................................96
6.8多行定义............................................................................................................98
6.9系统环境变量.....................................................................................................99
6.10 目标指定变量...............................................................................................101
6.11 模式指定变量...............................................................................................103
第七章：Makefile 的条件执行........................................................................................104
7 Makefile 的条件判断................................................................................................104
7.1一个例子..........................................................................................................104
7.2条件判断的基本语法..........................................................................................105
7.3标记测试的条件语句..........................................................................................108
第八章：make 的内嵌函数............................................................................................109
8 make 的函数..........................................................................................................109
8.1函数的调用语法................................................................................................109
8.2文本处理函数....................................................................................................110
8.2.1 $(subst FROM,TO,TEXT)..................................................................................110
8.2.2 $(patsubst PATTERN,REPLACEMENT,TEXT)...............................................110
8.2.3 $(strip STRINT).................................................................................................112
8.2.4 $(findstring FIND,IN)........................................................................................112
8.2.5 $(filter PATTERN…,TEXT)...............................................................................112
8.2.6 $(filter-out PATTERN...,TEXT).........................................................................113
GNU make 中文手
册
4
2004 年 9 月
8.2.7 $(sort LIST)........................................................................................................113
8.2.8 $(word N,TEXT).................................................................................................114
8.2.9 $(wordlist S,E,TEXT)........................................................................................114
8.2.10 $(words TEXT)...............................................................................................114
8.2.11 $(firstword NAMES…)..................................................................................115
8.3文件名处理函数................................................................................................115
8.3.1 $(dir NAMES…).................................................................................................115
8.3.2 $(notdir NAMES…)...........................................................................................116
8.3.3 $(suffix NAMES…)............................................................................................116
8.3.4 $(basename NAMES…)....................................................................................117
8.3.5 $(addsuffix SUFFIX,NAMES…).......................................................................117
8.3.6 $(addprefix PREFIX,NAMES…).......................................................................118
8.3.7 $(join LIST1,LIST2)...........................................................................................118
8.3.8 $(wildcard PATTERN)......................................................................................119
8.4foreach 函数....................................................................................................119
8.5if 函数.............................................................................................................120
8.6call 函数...........................................................................................................121
8.7value 函数........................................................................................................123
8.8eval 函数..........................................................................................................124
8.9origin 函数........................................................................................................125
8.10 shell 函数....................................................................................................127
8.11 make 的控制函数..........................................................................................128
8.11.1 $(error TEXT…).............................................................................................128
8.11.2 $(warning TEXT…)........................................................................................129
第九章：执行 make....................................................................................................................130
9 执行 make............................................................................................................................130
9.1指定 makefile 文件.............................................................................................130
9.2指定终极目标....................................................................................................131
9.3替代命令的执行................................................................................................133
9.4防止特定文件重建.............................................................................................135
9.5替换变量定义....................................................................................................136
9.6使用 make 进行编译测试....................................................................................137
9.7Tmake 的命令行选项.........................................................................................138
第十章：make 的隐含规则............................................................................................143
10 使用隐含规则....................................................................................................143
10.1 隐含规则的使用............................................................................................143
10.2 make 的隐含规则一览...................................................................................145
10.3 隐含变量.....................................................................................................148
10.3.1 代表命令的变量...................................................................................149
10.3.2 命令参数的变量...................................................................................150
10.4 make 隐含规则链..........................................................................................151
10.5 模式规则.....................................................................................................153
10.5.1 模式规则介绍......................................................................................153
10.5.2 模式规则示例......................................................................................155
10.5.3 自动化变量.........................................................................................156
T10.5.4 T 模式的匹配.......................................................................................159
10.5.5 万用规则.............................................................................................160
10.5.6 重建内嵌隐含规则................................................................................161
10.6 缺省规则.....................................................................................................162
10.7 后缀规则.....................................................................................................162
10.8 隐含规则搜索算法.........................................................................................164
第十一章：使用 make 更新静态库文件............................................................................166
11 更新静态库文件................................................................................................166
11.1 库成员作为目标............................................................................................166
11.2 静态库的更新...............................................................................................167
GNU make 中文手
册
5
2004 年 9 月
11.2.1 更新静态库的符号索引表......................................................................168
11.3 make 静态库的注意事项................................................................................168
11.4 静态库的后缀规则.........................................................................................169
第十二章 ： GNU make 的特点......................................................................................170
12 GNU make 的一些特点......................................................................................170
12.1 源自 System v 的特点....................................................................................170
12.2 源自其他版本的特点.....................................................................................171
12.3 GNU make 自身的特点..................................................................................172
第十三章 和其它版本的兼容..........................................................................................174
13 不兼容性..........................................................................................................174
第十四章 Makefile 的约定..............................................................................................176
14 书写约定..........................................................................................................176
14.1 基本的约定..................................................................................................176
14.2 规则命令行的约定.........................................................................................178
14.3 代表命令变量...............................................................................................179
14.4 安装目录变量...............................................................................................180
14.5 Makefile 的标准目标名..................................................................................185
14.6 安装命令分类...............................................................................................190
第十五章 make 的常见错误信息.....................................................................................193
15 make 产生的错误信息........................................................................................193
附录 1：关键字索引......................................................................................................196
GNU make 可识别的指示符：...................................................................................196
GNU make 函数：...................................................................................................197
GNU make 的自动化变量..........................................................................................197
GNU make 环境变量................................................................................................198
后序...........................................................................................................................198
剩余63页未读，继续阅读
资源评论
凯恩斯大人
- 粉丝: 0
- 资源: 1
上传资源 快速赚钱
我的内容管理
展开
- 我的资源
快来上传第一个资源
我的收益 登录查看自己的收益
我的积分
登录查看自己的积分
我的C币
登录后查看C币余额
我的收藏 
我的下载 
下载帮助
前往需求广场，查看用户热搜
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益，开通VIP直接复制
信息提交成功