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© 2017 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.
Neighbor Awareness Networking
Technical Specification
Version 2.0
WI-FI ALLIANCE PROPRIETARY – SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE
This document may be used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms set forth herein.
By your use of the document, you are agreeing to these terms. Unless this document is clearly designated
as an approved specification, this document is a work in process and is not an approved Wi-Fi Alliance
specification. This document is subject to revision or removal at any time without notice. Information
contained in this document may be used at your sole risk. Wi-Fi Alliance assumes no responsibility for
errors or omissions in this document. This copyright permission does not constitute an endorsement of the
products or services. Wi-Fi Alliance trademarks and certification marks may not be used unless specifically
allowed by Wi-Fi Alliance.
Wi-Fi Alliance has not conducted an independent intellectual property rights ("IPR") review of this document
and the information contained herein, and makes no representations or warranties regarding IPR, including
without limitation patents, copyrights or trade secret rights. This document may contain inventions for which
you must obtain licenses from third parties before making, using or selling the inventions.
Wi-Fi Alliance owns the copyright in this document and reserves all rights therein. A user of this document
may duplicate and distribute copies of the document in connection with the authorized uses described
herein, provided any duplication in whole or in part includes the copyright notice and the disclaimer text set
forth herein. Unless prior written permission has been received from Wi-Fi Alliance, any other use of this
document and all other duplication and distribution of this document are prohibited. Unauthorized use,
duplication, or distribution is an infringement of Wi-Fi Alliance’s copyright.
NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES (WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED) ARE MADE BY WI-
FI ALLIANCE AND WI-FI ALLIANCE IS NOT LIABLE FOR AND HEREBY DISCLAIMS ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES
ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT AND ANY
INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT.
Neighbor Awareness Networking Technical Specification v2.0
© 2017 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.
Page 2 of 184
Document revision history
Version Date YYYY-MM-DD Remarks
0.0.24 2014-12-11
Public draft release.
1.0 2015-05-01
Public release version.
2.0 2017-10-20
Added features for Release 2.
Neighbor Awareness Networking Technical Specification v2.0
© 2017 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.
Page 3 of 184
Table of contents
1
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
1.1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2 References .................................................................................................................................................. 12
1.3 Definitions and acronyms ............................................................................................................................ 13
1.3.1 Shall/should/may/might word usage .............................................................................................. 13
1.3.2 Conventions ................................................................................................................................... 13
1.3.3 Definitions ...................................................................................................................................... 13
1.3.4 Abbreviations and acronyms .......................................................................................................... 15
2 NAN ARCHITECTURE ............................................................................................................................................... 18
2.1 NAN components ........................................................................................................................................ 18
2.2 NAN cluster topology .................................................................................................................................. 18
2.3 NAN data communication architecture ....................................................................................................... 20
2.3.1 Unicast support .............................................................................................................................. 20
2.4 NAN ranging architecture ............................................................................................................................ 21
2.5 NAN functional architecture ........................................................................................................................ 21
2.6 Concurrent operation .................................................................................................................................. 22
2.7 NAN Medium Access Control layer ............................................................................................................. 23
2.8 NAN device addressing............................................................................................................................... 23
2.8.1 NAN Network ID ............................................................................................................................. 24
2.8.2 NAN Cluster ID ............................................................................................................................... 24
2.8.3 Address fields in NAN and Non-NAN frames ................................................................................ 24
2.9 Requirements .............................................................................................................................................. 25
2.9.1 Baseline Wi-Fi Alliance certification prerequisites ......................................................................... 25
2.9.2 NAN specific requirements ............................................................................................................ 25
3 NAN SYNCHRONIZATION ........................................................................................................................................ 26
3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 26
3.2 Operating channels ..................................................................................................................................... 26
3.3 Synchronization of NAN Devices ................................................................................................................ 26
3.3.1 NAN Discovery Window ................................................................................................................. 26
3.3.2 NAN Device Role and State ........................................................................................................... 27
3.3.3 NAN Master Rank .......................................................................................................................... 27
3.3.4 Anchor Master ................................................................................................................................ 28
3.3.5 Adjusting the TSF Timer ................................................................................................................ 31
3.3.6 NAN Device Role and State Transition .......................................................................................... 32
3.3.7 NAN Device role and state transition in 5 GHz frequency band .................................................... 34
3.3.8 NAN Discovery and acquiring synchronization .............................................................................. 35
3.4 NAN Cluster selection and merging ............................................................................................................ 36
3.4.1 NAN Cluster initiation and selection ............................................................................................... 36
3.4.2 NAN Cluster merging ..................................................................................................................... 36
3.5 Operating in the Discovery Window ............................................................................................................ 37
3.5.1 Discovery Window contention mitigation ....................................................................................... 37
3.5.2 Multiple frame transmission from a NAN Device in a Discovery Window ...................................... 38
3.5.3 Limiting the number of NAN Devices that contend during a Discovery Window ........................... 38
3.6 Operating outside the Discovery Window ................................................................................................... 39
4 NAN SERVICE DISCOVERY ..................................................................................................................................... 40
4.1 NAN Discovery Engine................................................................................................................................ 40
4.1.1 Service interface ............................................................................................................................ 41
4.1.2 Configuration interface ................................................................................................................... 48
4.1.3 Publish function .............................................................................................................................. 49
4.1.4 Subscribe function.......................................................................................................................... 51
4.1.5 Transmit Control function ............................................................................................................... 52
4.1.6 Receive Control function ................................................................................................................ 53
4.1.7 Follow-up function .......................................................................................................................... 53
Neighbor Awareness Networking Technical Specification v2.0
© 2017 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.
Page 4 of 184
4.1.8 NAN Control function ..................................................................................................................... 53
4.1.9 NAN Filtering function .................................................................................................................... 53
4.2 Power Efficient Service Discovery .............................................................................................................. 54
4.3 Further Service Discovery ........................................................................................................................... 54
5 NAN SCHEDULER ..................................................................................................................................................... 56
5.1 NAN Availability Schedule Indications ........................................................................................................ 56
5.1.1 Committed DW Indication .............................................................................................................. 56
5.1.2 FAW Indication ............................................................................................................................... 56
5.1.3 Unaligned Schedule ....................................................................................................................... 63
5.1.4 Availability Schedule precedence rules ......................................................................................... 65
5.1.5 FAW Overlap with DW Time .......................................................................................................... 65
5.2 NAN operation schedule management ....................................................................................................... 66
5.2.1 NAN operation initiation scheduling ............................................................................................... 66
5.2.2 NAN operation schedule update .................................................................................................... 67
5.2.3 NAN operation in dynamic frequency selection channels.............................................................. 69
5.2.4 Public Availability Schedule ........................................................................................................... 69
5.3 Non-NAN operation attributes ..................................................................................................................... 70
6 NAN DATA COMMUNICATION ................................................................................................................................. 71
6.1 NAN data primitives .................................................................................................................................... 71
6.1.1 Methods ......................................................................................................................................... 71
6.1.2 Events ............................................................................................................................................ 74
6.2 Unicast operation ........................................................................................................................................ 76
6.2.1 NDP setup without pairwise security association .......................................................................... 76
6.2.2 NDP setup with pairwise security association ............................................................................... 78
6.2.3 NDL Schedule setup ...................................................................................................................... 79
6.2.4 NDP and NDL setup failure and termination .................................................................................. 93
6.2.5 NDP data frame filtering ................................................................................................................. 94
6.2.6 NDL operations .............................................................................................................................. 95
7 NAN SECURITY AND PRIVACY PROTECTION ....................................................................................................... 96
7.1 NAN data path security ............................................................................................................................... 96
7.1.1 NDP security setup ........................................................................................................................ 96
7.1.2 Cipher suites .................................................................................................................................. 96
7.1.3 NAN Security Associations ............................................................................................................ 96
7.1.4 NAN cipher suites .......................................................................................................................... 97
7.1.5 Security groups ............................................................................................................................ 100
7.2 Privacy for NAN Service Identifiers ........................................................................................................... 100
7.3 Unicast frame encryption .......................................................................................................................... 101
7.3.1 NDP unicast data frame encryption ............................................................................................. 101
7.3.2 Management frame encryption .................................................................................................... 101
7.4 Security association update ...................................................................................................................... 101
7.5 NAN discovery security ............................................................................................................................. 102
8 NAN RANGING ........................................................................................................................................................ 103
8.1 NAN ranging overview .............................................................................................................................. 103
8.2 NAN ranging primitives ............................................................................................................................. 104
8.2.1 Methods ....................................................................................................................................... 104
8.2.2 Events .......................................................................................................................................... 105
8.3 NAN ranging procedure ............................................................................................................................ 106
8.3.1 NAN ranging capability exchange ................................................................................................ 107
8.3.2 NAN ranging invoked by a NAN service ...................................................................................... 107
8.3.3 NAN ranging invoked as a part of service discovery ................................................................... 108
8.3.4 NAN ranging session setup ......................................................................................................... 109
8.3.5 NAN ranging session update ....................................................................................................... 110
8.3.6 NAN ranging session termination ................................................................................................ 110
8.3.7 FTM Range Report to the Ranging Responder ........................................................................... 110
8.3.8 FTM protocol and procedure ........................................................................................................ 110
9 NAN INFORMATION ELEMENT, ATTRIBUTES, AND FRAME FORMATS ........................................................... 112
Neighbor Awareness Networking Technical Specification v2.0
© 2017 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved.
Used with the permission of Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.
Page 5 of 184
9.1 NAN Information Element format .............................................................................................................. 112
9.2 NAN Synchronization and NAN Discovery Beacon frame format............................................................. 112
9.3 NAN Service Discovery frame format ....................................................................................................... 114
9.4 NAN Action frame format .......................................................................................................................... 116
9.4.1 General format ............................................................................................................................. 116
9.4.2 Ranging frames ............................................................................................................................ 117
9.4.3 Data Path Setup frames ............................................................................................................... 117
9.4.4 Schedule frames .......................................................................................................................... 119
9.5 NAN attributes ........................................................................................................................................... 119
9.5.1 Master Indication attribute ............................................................................................................ 122
9.5.2 Cluster attribute ............................................................................................................................ 122
9.5.3 Service ID List attribute ................................................................................................................ 122
9.5.4 Service Descriptor attribute (SDA) ............................................................................................... 123
9.5.5 NAN Connection Capability attribute ........................................................................................... 128
9.5.6 WLAN Infrastructure attribute ...................................................................................................... 128
9.5.7 P2P Operation attribute ............................................................................................................... 129
9.5.8 IBSS attribute ............................................................................................................................... 130
9.5.9 Mesh attribute .............................................................................................................................. 131
9.5.10 Further NAN Service Discovery attribute .................................................................................... 132
9.5.11 Further Availability Map attribute ................................................................................................ 133
9.5.12 Country Code attribute ................................................................................................................ 134
9.5.13 Ranging attribute ......................................................................................................................... 134
9.5.14 Cluster Discovery attribute .......................................................................................................... 135
9.5.15 Device Capability attribute .......................................................................................................... 135
9.5.16 Data Path attributes .................................................................................................................... 137
9.5.17 Schedule attributes ..................................................................................................................... 139
9.5.18 Ranging Information attribute ...................................................................................................... 147
9.5.19 Ranging Setup attribute .............................................................................................................. 147
9.5.20 Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) Range Report attribute .......................................................... 148
9.5.21 NAN Security attributes ............................................................................................................... 149
9.5.22 Element Container attribute ........................................................................................................ 150
9.5.23 Non-NAN operations ................................................................................................................... 151
9.5.24 Public Availability attribute .......................................................................................................... 153
9.5.25 Vendor Specific attribute ............................................................................................................. 154
9.6 Frame Usage ............................................................................................................................................ 154
10 BLOOM FILTER CREATION AND USE FOR NAN ................................................................................................. 155
10.1 Bloom filter basics ..................................................................................................................................... 155
10.2 Hash function for use in NAN .................................................................................................................... 155
10.2.1 CRC algorithm and bloom filter endian specification .................................................................. 156
10.3 Service Response Filter element .............................................................................................................. 156
APPENDIX A (INFORMATIVE) POST NAN DISCOVERY PROCEDURE WITH P2PS-ASP ........................................ 158
A.1 P2Ps-ASP Service Discovery procedure using Probe Request and Probe Response frames ................ 158
APPENDIX B (INFORMATIVE) RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR TRANSMISSION OF NAN DISCOVERY
BEACON FRAMES ............................................................................................................................................................. 160
APPENDIX C (INFORMATIVE) RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR SELECTING A MASTER PREFERENCE VALUE
161
APPENDIX D (NORMATIVE) BLOOM FILTER USE FOR TRACKING AND COMMUNICATING CLUSTER SIZE ...... 162
D.1 Estimating Cluster size from Bloom filter .................................................................................................. 162
D.2 Aging out bits in the Bloom filter ............................................................................................................... 162
APPENDIX E (INFORMATIVE) RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR NAN SECURITY ............................................... 163
E.1 NAN group security and keys ................................................................................................................... 163
E.2 Security for NAN Service Identifiers .......................................................................................................... 163
E.3 Sharing NDI’s for different types of security.............................................................................................. 163
APPENDIX F (INFORMATIVE) BLOOM FILTER VERIFICATION SEQUENCES.......................................................... 164
F.1 Set 1 .......................................................................................................................................................... 164
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