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Oracle® Applications
Concepts
Release 12
Part No. B31450-01
December 2006
Oracle Applications Concepts, Release 12
Part No. B31450-01
Copyright © 2000, 2006, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Primary Author: Robert Farrington
Contributor: Robert Azzopardi, Nadia Bendjedou, Michael Bernstein, Eric Bing, Anne Carlson, Subash
Chadalavada, Steven Chan, Christina Clark, Ivo Dujmovic, Carole Eubanks, Eric Fichet, Henriette Fux, Ric
Ginsberg, Cliff Godwin, Brad Goodwin, William Greene, John Heimann, Theresa Hickman, Clara Jaeckel, Jeff
Lunn, Mike Mast, Steve Mayze, Leigh Miller, Christine Monk, K.R. Narayanan, Kent Noble, Sarita Nori, Terri
Noyes, Lisa Parekh, Gabriel Plumlee, Lyn Pratt, Joan Ryan, Greg Seiden, Yun Shaw, Leslie Studdard, Keith M.
Swartz, Sean Tuck, Mildred Wang
The Programs (which include both the software and documentation) contain proprietary information; they
are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are also protected
by copyright, patent, and other intellectual and industrial property laws. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or
decompilation of the Programs, except to the extent required to obtain interoperability with other
independently created software or as specified by law, is prohibited.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If you find any problems in
the documentation, please report them to us in writing. This document is not warranted to be error-free.
Except as may be expressly permitted in your license agreement for these Programs, no part of these
Programs may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any
purpose.
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behalf of the United States Government, the following notice is applicable:
U.S. GOVERNMENT RIGHTS
Programs, software, databases, and related documentation and technical data delivered to U.S. Government
customers are "commercial computer software" or "commercial technical data" pursuant to the applicable
Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, use, duplication,
disclosure, modification, and adaptation of the Programs, including documentation and technical data, shall
be subject to the licensing restrictions set forth in the applicable Oracle license agreement, and, to the extent
applicable, the additional rights set forth in FAR 52.227-19, Commercial Computer Software--Restricted
Rights (June 1987). Oracle Corporation, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065.
The Programs are not intended for use in any nuclear, aviation, mass transit, medical, or other inherently
dangerous applications. It shall be the licensee's responsibility to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup,
redundancy and other measures to ensure the safe use of such applications if the Programs are used for such
purposes, and we disclaim liability for any damages caused by such use of the Programs.
The Programs may provide links to Web sites and access to content, products, and services from third parties.
Oracle is not responsible for the availability of, or any content provided on, third-party Web sites. You bear all
risks associated with the use of such content. If you choose to purchase any products or services from a third
party, the relationship is directly between you and the third party. Oracle is not responsible for: (a) the quality
of third-party products or services; or (b) fulfilling any of the terms of the agreement with the third party,
including delivery of products or services and warranty obligations related to purchased products or services.
Oracle is not responsible for any loss or damage of any sort that you may incur from dealing with any third
party.
Oracle, JD Edwards, PeopleSoft, and Siebel are registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
iii
Contents
Send Us Your Comments
Preface
1 Oracle Applications Architecture
Introduction
............................................................................................................................... 1-1
The Desktop Tier................................................................................................................ 1-3
Forms Client Applet............................................................................................................1-5
Desktop Java Client............................................................................................................ 1-5
The Application Tier...........................................................................................................1-8
Web Services..................................................................................................................... 1-10
Forms Services.................................................................................................................. 1-14
Concurrent Processing Server...........................................................................................1-16
Admin Server.................................................................................................................... 1-23
Daily Business Intelligence (DBI).................................................................................... 1-23
The Database Tier
............................................................................................................. 1-24
The Oracle Applications Technology Layer
.....................................................................1-25
Oracle Applications DBA (AD)
................................................................................... 1-26
Oracle Common Modules (AK)
................................................................................... 1-26
Oracle Applications Utilities (AU)
...............................................................................1-27
Oracle Application Object Library (FND)
....................................................................1-27
Oracle Workflow (OWF)............................................................................................. 1-29
Oracle Alert (ALR)
...................................................................................................... 1-31
Oracle XML Publisher (XDO)...................................................................................... 1-31
iv
2 Applications File System
Introduction............................................................................................................................... 2-1
Instance Home ($INST_TOP)............................................................................................. 2-3
The data Directory.............................................................................................................. 2-5
The db Directory................................................................................................................. 2-5
The comn Directory............................................................................................................ 2-6
The appl (APPL_TOP) Directory........................................................................................ 2-7
Product Directories............................................................................................................. 2-9
Language Files.................................................................................................................. 2-13
Core Technology Directories............................................................................................ 2-14
Sharing the Applications File System Across Disks........................................................2-15
Environment Settings....................................................................................................... 2-15
3 Applications Database Organization
Introduction............................................................................................................................... 3-1
Oracle User IDs................................................................................................................... 3-1
APPS Schema...................................................................................................................... 3-1
Custom Schema Access....................................................................................................... 3-3
Data Access
......................................................................................................................... 3-3
Space Management
............................................................................................................. 3-4
4 Database Features
Introduction
............................................................................................................................... 4-1
Monitoring Features
........................................................................................................... 4-1
Performance Features
.......................................................................................................... 4-2
Scalability Features............................................................................................................. 4-4
Business Intelligence Features........................................................................................... 4-5
5 AutoConfig
Introduction
............................................................................................................................... 5-1
The Applications Context
.................................................................................................. 5-1
AutoConfig Scripts and Directories
................................................................................... 5-3
AutoConfig Operation........................................................................................................ 5-3
Management Tasks
............................................................................................................. 5-9
6 Cloning
Introduction
............................................................................................................................... 6-1
Cloning Tools...................................................................................................................... 6-1
v
Cloning Across Platforms................................................................................................... 6-2
Cloning Options................................................................................................................. 6-2
Rapid Clone Operation....................................................................................................... 6-3
Rapid Clone and Oracle Universal Installer...................................................................... 6-3
Additional Cloning Features.............................................................................................. 6-4
Summary............................................................................................................................. 6-4
7 Oracle Applications Manager
Introduction............................................................................................................................... 7-1
Oracle Applications Manager Features.............................................................................. 7-1
Using Oracle Applications Manager with Grid Control................................................... 7-5
Generic Service Management............................................................................................. 7-5
8 Authentication and Integration
Introduction............................................................................................................................... 8-1
Oracle Application Server 10g Optional Components...................................................... 8-2
Oracle Portal........................................................................................................................ 8-2
Oracle Discoverer................................................................................................................ 8-3
Enterprise-Wide Single Sign-On........................................................................................ 8-3
Application Server Integration Options
............................................................................ 8-5
Basic Single Sign-On Deployment Scenario
......................................................................8-6
Advanced Single Sign-On Deployment Scenarios
.......................................................... 8-10
Advanced Single Sign-On Options.................................................................................. 8-14
9 High Availability
Introduction
............................................................................................................................... 9-1
Patching Hints and Tips..................................................................................................... 9-1
Maintenance Mode............................................................................................................. 9-2
Shared APPL_TOP and Application Tier File System.......................................................9-3
Staged APPL_TOP
.............................................................................................................. 9-4
Distributed AD................................................................................................................... 9-7
Nologging Operations
........................................................................................................ 9-8
Disaster Recovery................................................................................................................9-9
10 Load Balancing
Introduction............................................................................................................................. 10-1
Load Balancing Definitions
.............................................................................................. 10-2
Categories of Load Balancer
............................................................................................. 10-2
Load Balancing Options
................................................................................................... 10-3
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