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学 号:
题目类型:
(设计、论文、报告)
毕 业 设 计 ( 论 文 )
题目: 基于单片机的汽车雨刷器装置
二 级 学 院 :
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南宁理工学院毕业设计·论文
I
摘要
下雨天时道路十分模糊,能见度非常低,司机分散注意力去手动打开雨刷器开关会
非常危险。据统计,全世界雨天行车的车祸事故有7%是因为司机手动打开雨刷分心导致
的。为了减小司机因为手动打开雨刷发生车祸的概率,所以如今研发一种雨刷自动控制
器是非常有必要的。该系统主要从硬件设计和软件编程两个部分进行设计,硬件部分由
单片机、雨滴传感器、步进电机、按键、ADC0832模数采集模块、LD3320语音模块、显
示屏等模块组成,实现了根据车窗覆水量和识别语音指令来控制雨刷的转速。该系统通
过覆水量判定的湿度阈值来设定上下限值,当覆水量小于设置的下限值,雨刷停止,当
覆水量处于上限值和下限值之间,雨刷速度进入一档位,当覆水量大于设置的上限值,
雨刷速度进入二档位。此外,还可以通过语音指令来实现雨刷转速控制、切换模式和开
/关系统等功能。软件部分使用c语言对LD3320模块、键盘模块、语音识别模块、雨滴传
感模块等模块进行子程序的编写和主程序的编写,实现了各个模块的运转从而实现了雨
刷器的自动控制。该雨刷可以预防驾驶员在行车过程中会遇见的大多数未知情况,极大
的减小了司机发生车祸的概率。
关键词:单片机;模块;传感器
南宁理工学院毕业设计·论文
II
SSU-based Automotive Wiper Device
Student:ZHU Hai-cheng Teacher:YANG Zhi-qing
Abstract : In rainy days, the road is very blurred, the visibility is very low, and it is very
dangerous for the driver to distract himself to manually open the wiper switch.According to
statistics, 7 percent of the world's accidents in rainy days are distracted by drivers manually
turning on wipers.In order to reduce the probability of the driver opening the wiper manually,
it is very necessary to develop an automatic wiper controller now.The system is mainly
designed from two parts: hardware design and software programming. The hardware part is
composed of microcontroller, raindrops sensor, stepping motor, button, ADC0832 analog
acquisition module, LD3320 voice module, display screen and other modules, which controls
the speed of the wiper according to the window water cover and the voice recognition
command.The system sets the upper and lower limits by the humidity threshold determined
by the water amount. When the water amount is less than the set lower limit, the wiper stops.
When the water amount is between the upper and lower limits, the wiper speed enters the first
gear; When the water amount is greater than the set upper limit, the wiper speed enters the
second gear.In addition, the wiper speed control, switch mode and on and off system can be
realized through voice commands.The software part uses c language to write the LD3320
module, keyboard module, speech recognition module, raindrops sensing module and the
main program, realizing the operation of each module and realizing the automatic control of
the wiper.The wiper can prevent most of the unknown situations that drivers will encounter
during driving, greatly reducing the probability of a car accident.
Key words: single-chip computer; module; sensor
南宁理工学院毕业设计·论文
III
目录
摘要 .............................................................................................................................................I
Abstract ......................................................................................................................................II
1 引言.........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 课题背景 ......................................................................................................................1
1.2 研究意义 ......................................................................................................................1
1.3 研究综述 ......................................................................................................................1
1.3.1 国外研究和发展现状 ........................................................................................1
1.3.2 国内研究和发展现状 ........................................................................................2
1.4 系统设计总体思路 ......................................................................................................2
2 系统方案设计.........................................................................................................................3
2.1 系统设计内容 ..............................................................................................................3
2.2 系统方案论证 ..............................................................................................................3
2.2.1 主控方案选择 ....................................................................................................3
2.2.2 电源电路选择 ....................................................................................................4
2.2.3 按键电路选择 ....................................................................................................5
2.2.4 显示器的选择 ....................................................................................................5
2.2.5 AD 采样选择 ......................................................................................................5
2.2.6 语音识别模块选择 ............................................................................................6
3 系统硬件设计.........................................................................................................................7
3.1 单片机 ..........................................................................................................................7
3.2 单片机最小系统 ..........................................................................................................8
3.3 液晶显示电路设计 ......................................................................................................9
3.4 按键模块电路设计 ....................................................................................................11
3.5 雨滴采集电路设计 ....................................................................................................11
3.6 ADC 模数电路设计....................................................................................................12
3.7 语音电路设计 ............................................................................................................12
3.8 步进电机电路设计 ....................................................................................................13
南宁理工学院毕业设计·论文
IV
4 系统软件设计.......................................................................................................................14
4.1 系统程序设计软件介绍 ............................................................................................14
4.2 系统主程序 ................................................................................................................15
4.3 液晶显示子程序 ........................................................................................................16
4.4 按键电路程序 ............................................................................................................16
4.5 语音识别程序 ............................................................................................................17
5 系统仿真与制作测试...........................................................................................................19
5.1 系统仿真 ....................................................................................................................19
5.2 系统制作 ....................................................................................................................19
5.3 硬件调试 ....................................................................................................................21
5.4 软件调试 ....................................................................................................................21
结论...........................................................................................................................................23
致谢...........................................................................................................................................24
参考文献...................................................................................................................................25
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