This book presents techniques to render photo-realistic images by programming the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We discuss effects such as mirror reflections, refractions, caustics, diffuse or glossy indirect illumination, radiosity, single or multiple scattering in participating media, tone reproduction, glow, and depth of field. The book targets game developers, graphics programmers, and also students with some basic understanding of computer graphics algorithms, rendering APIs like Direct3D or OpenGL, and shader programming. In order to make the book self-contained, the most important concepts of local illumination and global illumination
rendering, graphics hardware, and Direct3D/HLSL programming are reviewed in the
first chapters. After these introductory chapters we warm up with simple methods including
shadow and environment mapping, then we move on toward advanced concepts aiming at
global illumination rendering. Since it would have been impossible to give a rigorous review of
all approaches proposed in this field, we go into the details of just a few methods solving each
particular global illumination effect. However, a short discussion of the state of the art and links
to the bibliography are also provided to refer the interested reader to techniques that are not
detailed in this book. The implementation of the selected methods is also presented in HLSL,
and we discuss their observed performance, merits, and disadvantages. In the last chapter, we
also review how these techniques can be integrated in an advanced game engine and present
case studies of their exploitation in games. Having gone through this book, the reader will have
an overview of the state of the art, will be able to apply and improve these techniques, and most
importantly, will be capable of developing brand new GPU algorithms.
