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hl7v3模板标准
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详细介绍HL7V3标准及其相关技术,具有一定的参考价值 详细介绍HL7V3标准及其相关技术,具有一定的参考价值
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HL7 Version 3 Templates
Release 1.0 (Baltimore Draft, Sept 18, 2002)
Editors: Robert H. Dolin, MD, Kaiser Permanente (Robert.H.Dolin@kp.org)
Peter L. Elkin, MD, Mayo Clinic (Elkin.Peter@mayo.edu)
Charlie Mead, MD, MSc (charliem22@yahoo.com)
Contributors: Liora Alschuler, alschuler.spinosa
Thomas Beale, Deep Thought Informatics
Calvin Beebe, Mayo Clinic
George W. Beeler, Jr. Ph.D., Beeler Consulting LLC
Fred Behlen, PhD., LAI Technology
Tim Benson, Abies Ltd
Paul Biron, MLIS, Kaiser Permanente
Sandy Boyer, BSP, Consultant
Andrew Goodchild
William T.F. Goossen, PhD, RN
Richard Harding, Queensland Health
Sam Heard, MD, Ocean Informatics
Mike Henderson, Eastern Informatics
Mary Ann Juurlink, Killdara Corporation
Martin Kernberg, MD, UCSF
Ted Klein, Klein Consulting, Inc
Mike Mair, MD
Charlie McCay, Ramsey Systems, Ltd.
Lloyd McKenzie, IBM Global Services
Bas van Poppel, Hiscom BV
Jennifer Puyenbroek, McKesson Information Solutions
Angelo Rossi-Morri, CNR
Alexander Ruggieri, MD, Mayo Clinic
Gunther Schadow, MD, PhD, Regenstrief Institute for Health Care
Amnon Shabo, IBM Research
John Silva, Philips Medical Systems
Ioana Singureanu, Eversolve
Harold Solbrig, Mayo Clinic
Harry Solomon, GE Medical Systems
HL7 V3 Templates DRAFT Specification; Sept 18, 2002
1
Table of Contents
RELEASE 1.0 (BALTIMORE DRAFT, SEPT 18, 2002)..........................................................................1
1 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................3
1.1 INTENT OF THIS DOCUMENT 本文档的目的..........................................................................................3
1.2 WHAT IS A TEMPLATE?什么是模板......................................................................................................3
1.3 WHAT IS THE INTENDED PURPOSE OF A TEMPLATE?一个模板的既定目标是什么?..........................3
1.4 HOW DO TEMPLATES DIFFER FROM RELATED HL7 ARTIFACTS?模板与 HL7 原先的规范有何不同?
......................................................................................................................................................................4
2 OVERVIEW OF THE TEMPLATE LIFE-CYCLE 模板生命期总览..................................................6
2.1 TEMPLATE ANALYSIS 模板分析............................................................................................................6
2.2 TEMPLATE DESIGN 模板设计.................................................................................................................9
2.3 TEMPLATE REGISTRATION 模板登记.....................................................................................................9
2.4 FINDING A REGISTERED TEMPLATE 查找已注册的模板.......................................................................9
2.5 CREATE AN HL7 INSTANCE THAT CONFORMS TO A TEMPLATE 创建符合模板的 HL7 实例.............10
2.6 VALIDATE AN HL7 INSTANCE AGAINST A TEMPLATE HL7 实例对模板的验证.................................10
2.7 ADVANCE A TEMPLATE TO NORMATIVE STATUS 高级模板到正规状态.............................................10
2.8 DECLARE THE USE OF A TEMPLATE IN A NORMATIVE SPECIFICATION 在正式的规范中声明使用一个
模板............................................................................................................................................................11
3 SCOPE OF HL7 V3 TEMPLATES HL7 V3 模板的范围.....................................................................12
3.1 GUIDING PRINCIPLES 指导原则...........................................................................................................12
3.2 IN SCOPE 在范围内..............................................................................................................................12
3.3 OUT OF SCOPE 范围之外.....................................................................................................................13
4 NORMATIVE TEMPLATE SPECIFICATIONS 标准模板规范........................................................14
4.1 TEMPLATE REQUIREMENTS 模板需求.................................................................................................14
4.1.1 Template design
模板设计
...........................................................................................................14
4.1.2 Template assertions
模板断言
.....................................................................................................15
4.1.2.1 Static assertions 静态断言....................................................................................................................15
4.1.2.2 Co-occurrence assertions 协作性断言..................................................................................................16
4.1.2.3 Containment assertions 包容断言........................................................................................................16
4.1.2.4 Logic assertions 逻辑断言...................................................................................................................17
4.2 NORMATIVE TEMPLATE REPRESENTATION 正式模板表达形式..........................................................17
4.3 TEMPLATE DECLARATION 模板声明...................................................................................................17
4.4 TEMPLATE REGISTRATION 模板注册...................................................................................................18
4.4.1 Template repository
模板注册
.....................................................................................................18
4.4.2 Template metadata
模板元数据
...................................................................................................19
5 REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................................23
6 OPEN ISSUES..........................................................................................................................................23
HL7 V3 Templates DRAFT Specification; Sept 18, 2002
2
1 Introduction
介绍
1.1 Intent of this document
本文档的目的
The primary intent of this document is to define a normative representation for HL7 V3 Templates. Exactly
what is meant by “HL7 V3 Template”, and the various scenarios surrounding the use of these artifacts will
also be described in sufficient detail as to enable their implementation.
本文档的主要目的是定义一种正式的 HL7 V3 模板的表示规范。特别是 HL7 V3 模板的含意和各种
先前的围绕如何实现的设想。
1.2 What is a template?
什么是模板
In the general sense, a template is a structured collection of data / information that, in total, is of interest to
one or more healthcare stakeholders.
一般来讲,一个模板就是一个结构化的数据或信息集合,是一个或多个医疗管理者的意图或喜好。
In the specific sense of this document, an HL7 V3 Template is a constraint against a normative HL7 V3
specification. HL7 V3 instances must conform to some normative HL7 V3 specification, and in addition,
can be stated to conform to the additional constraints expressed in one or more HL7 V3 Template.
在这个文档中,HL7 V3 模板是一种对 HL7 V3 规范的约束。HL7 V3 实例必须适应一种正规的 HL7
V3 规范,另外,还可以规定要适应在一个或多个 HL7 V3 模板中定义的约束。
1.3 What is the intended purpose of a template?
一个模板的既定目标是什么?
It is often necessary to further constrain an HL7 specification – to restrict the specific value sets, to define
test batteries, to specify required internal document components, etc. Reasons for building templates
include, but are not limited to:
约束一个 HL7 规范,是经常需要的,如限制一个特殊的值集,定义一个测试池,指定文档内部成
分等。这些都是制定模板的原因,但不仅这些原因。
Human-to-Human Communication - templates can serve as a (structured) formalism through which
human beings (either singlely or as part of groups or organizations) can unambiguously exchange
(structured) information which focuses aspect or feature of (most often) clinical care, e.g. . "This is
what a CBC means to our group, what does it mean to yours?"
人与人通讯—模板可以作为临床医疗信息交换的形式。
Constraint and validation of computer-to-computer messages - templates can be used to validate
message content according to the template rules. "Verify that this message is a valid instance of a
CBC template (according to my definition...)"
约束和验证计算机之间的消息—模板可以用来验证消息内容。
Construction - templates can be used to guide and direct information input. A template defines which
fields are required, which are optional and which cannot be entered along with the permissible value
sets that may populate each field. "What information is necessary to fill in a CBC? What are the data
types, values and selection lists for each of the fields?"
建造—模板可以用来导向信息输入的方向。模板定义了那些字段是需要的,哪些是可选的,哪
些不能输入一些公共字段的值集中定义的值。哪些信息是必须的?数据类型是什么?每个字段
有哪些可选值?
HL7 V3 Templates DRAFT Specification; Sept 18, 2002
3
Predication - templates can be used to determine whether a message meets a specific 'predicate'. As an
example, templates could be constructed that describe lab tests, CBC's, abnormal CBC's, etc, and then
used to drive decision support / alerting software mechanisms. "Is this an instance of an abnormal
CBC?"
论断—模板可以用于决定是否一个消息符合一定的断言。例如:一个模板可能构造并描术一个
实验测试,然后可以用它来决定一个测试是否不正常。
Description - templates can be used to describe the relationships between data elements that can then
be queried - "Where would I have to look to find all instances of a WBC?"
描述—模板可以用来描述数据元素之间的关系。
1.4 How do templates differ from related HL7 artifacts?
模板与
HL7
原先的
规范有何不同?
HL7 V3 Templates differ from related HL7 artifacts in their normative representation and/or in the
scenarios where they are applicable. For the most part, the distinctions are clear, although there is a gray
zone where for instance a user may have the option of building either a template or a conformance profile.
HL7 V3 模板不同于与之相关的 HL7 规范,无论是从正规表达和/或它们的适用设想。虽然大部分情
况下,它们的区别是明显的,也有少数情况属于灰色地带,一个实例有可能既可以用模板也可以用
适应外形来构建。
HL7 V3 artifacts that can further constrain a normative HL7 V3 specification include conformance profiles
and International localization. (See V3 chapter “Refinement, Extension and Conformance to Version 3
Messages” for details on these artifacts.)
HL7 V3 原先的规范可能用正规的适应外形或内部的局部化来实现进一步的限定(见 V3 文档“精致、
扩展、适应 V3 消息”)。
Differences in normative representation are hard to state right now. This is an active area of discussion, and
there is more and more convergence of ideas. HL7 V2.x conformance profiles are expressed in XML, and a
normative HL7 V2.x conformance profile XML DTD defines valid conformance profile instances. Tools
are provided to help author V2.x conformance profiles. The exact means of validation of an instance
against a conformance profile is not part of the normative specification. International localization is
expressed as a more specific R-MIM, where more detailed clones are crafted to represent international
constraints. This R-MIM yields an XML schema. V3 instances have new XML element names reflective of
the new clones, and can be validated against the internationalized XML schema.
现在正规的表达方式很难区分了。这里有很多正在讨论的想法。HL7 V2.x 适应外形是有 XML 表示
的,一个正式的 HL7 V2.x 适应外形是由 XML DTD 定义并验证的。有工具可以提供编写 V2.x 适应
外形。规范不要求对第个实例进行严格的验证。全球局部化是用一个特殊的 R-MIM 来表示的,可
以用列手式的方法来表示内容约束。这个 R-MIM 符合一个 XML schema。V3 实例有一个新的元素
名称来反应这个新的拷贝,并可以被全还球化的 XML schema 验证。
Note that International localization results in new clones, and therefore in new XML element names.
Conformance profiles and templates do not constrain by creating new clones, and therefore do not result in
new XML element names.
注:全球局部化产生了新的拷贝,因此有新的 XML 元素名。适应 h 外形和模板不充许验证新加的
拷贝,所以不会增加新的 XML 元素。
Both conformance profiles and templates express constraints against normative specifications. HL7
instances are valid against both the normative specification AND against the additional constraints
expressed in the template or conformance profile. Both can express constraints against an entire
specification.
适应外形和模板表达约面对正规的规范。HL7 实例面对正式规范和适应外形和模板的多重验证。两
者都可对整个规范进行约束。
HL7 V3 Templates DRAFT Specification; Sept 18, 2002
4
Conformance profiles are used to further constrain the normative message specification to be specific to a
particular trigger event (e.g., to indicate the need for more data items in the PID segment for an "update
person" trigger than for a "link patient" trigger - even though both trigger events use the same PID structure
in their normative HL7 V2.x ADT messages). A conformance profile is only expressed against an entire
specification. Conformance profiles are applied at program design time.
适应外形是用特殊的触发事件的来进一步约束消息规范的。它只用于整个规范。适用于软件设计时。
HL7 V3 Templates further constrain the internal content of a V3 message or document, irrespective of
triggers. In its simplest sense this indicates which clinical concepts are to be captured and whether they are
to be captured as numeric, coded or text. Templates need not constrain an entire specification; templates
can contain other templates (for instance, a history-and-physical template can contain a cardiac-exam
template which can contain a vital-signs template); and templates are reusable (for instance, a vital-signs
template can be used in a history-and-physical document and/or in a consultation document and/or in a
observation message). Often times, because the clinical content of any clinical interaction is unknown
before the patient walks thru the door, templates are selected at run-time.
模板约束 V3 消息或文档内容,不顾触发事件。简单地,他指示哪些临床概念要捕获,他们的数据
是数字还是代码或广本。模板对一个规范是不强制要求的。一个模板可以包括其它的模板(例如:
病史和体格检查模板可以包括心脏检查模板,后者又包括生命指标模板。);模板是可以重用的。
由于病人来之前是不知道其临床内容的,所以模板是运行时选择的。
So in general, if the intent is to constrain an entire specification based on a specific trigger, a user would
create a conformance profile. If the intent is to further constrain the clinical content of a specification, a
user would create a template. It can be the case that a user needs to create both a conformance profile and
one or more templates to achieve the desired degree of constraint.
因此,如果要由事件触发,就用适应外形,创建一个适应外形。如果要约束一个 规范的临床内容,
就创建一个模板。可能要两者都用,或创建多模板才能达到一定的约束目标。
HL7 V3 Templates DRAFT Specification; Sept 18, 2002
5
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