C++ Beginner's Guide 《C++ 初学者指南》

Answers to Mastery Checks

Module 1: C++ Fundamentals

4. C++ programs begin execution at main( ).

5. A header contains information used by the program.

6. <iostream> is the header the supports I/O. The statement includes the <iostream> header in a

program.

7. A namespace is a declarative region in which various program elements can be placed. Elements

declared in one namespace are separate from elements declared in another.

10. A single-line comment begins with // and ends at the end of the line. A multiline comment begins

with /* and ends with */.

11. The general form of the if:

if(condition) statement;

The general form of the for:

for(initialization; condition; increment) statement;

12. A block of code is started with a { and ended with a }.

14. // Convert Jovian years to Earth years.

15. When a function is called, program control transfers to that function.

16. // Average the absolute values of 5 numbers.

The type char can also be used as an integer type.

2. 12.2 is type double.

3. A bool variable can be either true or false.

4. The long integer type is long int, or just long.

5. The \t sequence represents a tab. The \b rings the bell.

9. The % is the modulus operator. It returns the remainder of an integer division. It cannot be used

on floating-point values.

10. When the increment operator precedes its operand, C++ will perform the corresponding

operation prior to obtaining the operand's value for use by the rest of the expression. If the

operator follows its operand, then C++ will obtain the operand's value before incrementing.

11. A, C, and E

12. x += 12;

1. // Count periods.

2. Yes. If there is no break statement concluding a case sequence, then execution will continue on

into the next case. A break statement prevents this from happening.

3.

declared. (Note that some compilers may handle this differently.)

7. A break causes termination of its immediately enclosing loop or switch statement.