The Scientist and Engineer's and Guide to Digital Signal Process...
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2019-06-05
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1
CHAPTER
1
The Breadth and Depth of DSP
Digital Signal Processing is one of the most powerful technologies that will shape science and
engineering in the twenty-first century. Revolutionary changes have already been made in a broad
range of fields: communications, medical imaging, radar & sonar, high fidelity music
reproduction, and oil prospecting, to name just a few. Each of these areas has developed a deep
DSP technology, with its own algorithms, mathematics, and specialized techniques. This
combination of breath and depth makes it impossible for any one individual to master all of the
DSP technology that has been developed. DSP education involves two tasks: learning general
concepts that apply to the field as a whole, and learning specialized techniques for your particular
area of interest. This chapter starts our journey into the world of Digital Signal Processing by
describing the dramatic effect that DSP has made in several diverse fields. The revolution has
begun.
The Roots of DSP
Digital Signal Processing is distinguished from other areas in computer science
by the unique type of data it uses: signals. In most cases, these signals
originate as sensory data from the real world: seismic vibrations, visual images,
sound waves, etc. DSP is the mathematics, the algorithms, and the techniques
used to manipulate these signals after they have been converted into a digital
form. This includes a wide variety of goals, such as: enhancement of visual
images, recognition and generation of speech, compression of data for storage
and transmission, etc. Suppose we attach an analog-to-digital converter to a
computer and use it to acquire a chunk of real world data. DSP answers the
question: What next?
The roots of DSP are in the 1960s and 1970s when digital computers first
became available. Computers were expensive during this era, and DSP was
limited to only a few critical applications. Pioneering efforts were made in four
key areas: radar & sonar, where national security was at risk; oil exploration,
where large amounts of money could be made; space exploration, where the
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