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"Refactoring" was conceived in Smalltalk circles, but it wasn't long before it found its way into<br>other programming language camps. Because refactoring is integral to framework development,<br>the term comes up quickly when "frameworkers" talk about their craft. It comes up when they<br>refine their class hierarchies and when they rave about how many lines of code they were able to<br>delete. Frameworkers know that a framework won't be right the first time around—it must evolve<br>as they gain experience. They also know that the code will be read and modified more frequently<br>than it will be written. The key to keeping code readable and modifiable is refactoring—for<br>frameworks, in particular, but also for software in general.