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Information technology—

Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—

Local and metropolitan area networks—Specific requirements—

Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with

Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) access method

and physical layer specifications

SECTION TWO: This section includes Clause 21 through Clause 33 and Annex 22A through

Annex 32A.

21. Introduction to 100 Mb/s baseband networks, type 100BASE-T

21.1 Overview

100BASE-T couples the IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD MAC with a family of 100 Mb/s Physical Layers. While

the MAC can be readily scaled to higher performance levels, new Physical Layer standards are required for

100 Mb/s operation.

The relationships between 100BASE-T, the existing IEEE 802.3 (CSMA/CD MAC), and the ISO/IEC Open

System Interconnection (OSI) reference model is shown in Figure 21–1

100BASE-T uses the existing IEEE 802.3 MAC layer interface, connected through a Media-Independent

Interface layer to a Physical Layer entity (PHY) sublayer such as 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-TX, or

100BASE-FX.

100BASE-T extends the IEEE 802.3 MAC to 100 Mb/s. The bit rate is faster, bit times are shorter, packet

transmission times are reduced, and cable delay budgets are smaller—all in proportion to the change in

bandwidth. This means that the ratio of packet duration to network propagation delay for 100BASE-T is the

same as for 10BASE-T.

21.1.1 Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) and Media Independent Interface (MII)

The Media Independent Interface (Clause 22) provides an interconnection between the Media Access Con-

trol (MAC) sublayer and Physical Layer entities (PHY) and between PHY Layer and Station Management

(STA) entities. This MII is capable of supporting both 10 Mb/s and 100 Mb/s data rates through four bit

wide (nibble wide) transmit and receive paths. The Reconciliation sublayer provides a mapping between the

signals provided at the MII and the MAC/PLS service definition.

IEEE

Std 802.3-2005 REVISION OF IEEE Std 802.3:

21.1.2 Physical Layer signaling systems

The following portion of this standard specifies a family of Physical Layer implementations. 100BASE-T4

(Clause 23) uses four pairs of ISO/IEC 11801 Category 3, 4, or 5 balanced cabling. 100BASE-TX (Clauses

24 and 25) uses two pairs of Category 5 balanced cabling or 150

Ω

shielded balanced cabling as defined by

ISO/IEC 11801. 100BASE-FX (Clauses 24 and 26) uses two multimode fibers. FDDI (ISO/IEC 9314 and

ANSI X3T12) Physical Layers are used to provide 100BASE-TX and 100BASE-FX physical signaling

channels, which are defined under 100BASE-X (Clause 24). 100BASE-T2 (Clause 32) uses two pairs of

ISO/IEC 11801 Category 3, 4, or 5 balanced cabling.

21.1.3 Repeater

Repeater sets (Clause 27) are an integral part of any 100BASE-T network with more than two DTEs in a

collision domain. They extend the physical system topology by coupling two or more segments. Multiple

repeaters are permitted within a single collision domain to provide the maximum path length.

21.1.4 Auto-Negotiation

Auto-Negotiation (Clause 28) provides a linked device with the capability to detect the abilities (modes of

operation) supported by the device at the other end of the link, determine common abilities, and configure

PRESENTATION

APPLICATION

SESSION

TRANSPORT

NETWORK

DATA LINK

PHYSICAL

OSI

REFERENCE

MODEL

LAYERS

LAN

CSMA/CD

LAYERS

LLC (LOGICAL LINK CONTROL)

MAC—MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL

PMA

HIGHER LAYERS

MDI = MEDIUM DEPENDENT INTERFACE

MII = MEDIA INDEPENDENT INTERFACE

PCS = PHYSICAL CODING SUBLAYER

* MII is optional for 10 Mb/s DTEs and for 100 Mb/s systems and is not specified for 1 Mb/s systems.

PMA = PHYSICAL MEDIUM ATTACHMENT

PHY

PHY = PHYSICAL LAYER DEVICE

*MII

MDI

PCS

** PMD

PMD = PHYSICAL MEDIUM DEPENDENT

** PMD is specified for 100BASE-X only; 100BASE-T4 does not use this layer.

RECONCILIATION

** PMD

PHY

MDI

PMA

PCS

100BASE-T

Repeater

Baseband

** PMD

PHY

MDI

PMA

100 Mb/s link segment

PCS

MEDIUM

100 Mb/s link segment

MEDIUM

Use of MII between PCS and Baseband Repeater Unit is optional.

***AUTONEG

*** AUTONEG is optional.

100BASE-T

Baseband

Repeater

Unit

Figure 21–1—Architectural positioning of 100BASE-T

Set

OR OTHER MAC CLIENT

IEEE

CSMA/CD Std 802.3-2005

for joint operation. Auto-Negotiation is performed out-of-band using a pulse code sequence that is compati-

ble with the 10BASE-T link integrity test sequence.

21.1.5 Management

Managed objects, attributes, and actions are defined for all 100BASE-T components (Clause 30). This

clause consolidates all IEEE 802.3 management specifications so that 10 Mb/s, 100 Mb/s or 10/100 Mb/s

agents can be managed by existing 10 Mb/s-only network management stations with little or no modification

to the agent code.

21.2 References

See 1.3.

21.3 Definitions

See 1.4.

21.4 Abbreviations

See 1.5.

21.5 State diagrams

State machine diagrams take precedence over text.

The conventions of 1.2 are adopted, with the following extensions.

21.5.1 Actions inside state blocks

The actions inside a state block execute instantaneously. Actions inside state blocks are atomic (i.e.,

uninterruptible).

After performing all the actions listed in a state block one time, the state block then continuously evaluates

its exit conditions until one is satisfied, at which point control passes through a transition arrow to the next

block. While the state awaits fulfillment of one of its exit conditions, the actions inside do not implicitly

repeat.

The characters • and [bracket] are

not

used to denote any special meaning.

Valid state actions may include .indication and .request messages.

No actions are taken outside of any state block.

21.5.2 State diagram variables

Once set, variables retain their values as long as succeeding blocks contain no references to them.

Setting the parameter of a formal interface message assures that, on the next transmission of that message,

the last parameter value set will be transmitted.

IEEE

Std 802.3-2005 REVISION OF IEEE Std 802.3:

Testing the parameter of a formal interface messages tests the value of that message parameter that was

received on the last transmission of said message. Message parameters may be assigned default values that

persist until the first reception of the relevant message.

21.5.3 State transitions

The following terms are valid transition qualifiers:

a) Boolean expressions

b) An event such as the expiration of a timer: timer_done

c) An event such as the reception of a message: PMA_UNITDATA.indication

d) An unconditional transition: UCT

e) A branch taken when other exit conditions are not satisfied: ELSE

Any open arrow (an arrow with no source block) represents a global transition. Global transitions are evalu-

ated continuously whenever any state is evaluating its exit conditions. When a global transition becomes

true, it supersedes all other transitions, including UCT, returning control to the block pointed to by the open

arrow.

21.5.4 Operators

The state machine operators are shown in Table 21–1.

Table 21–1—

State machine operators

Character Meaning

∗

Boolean AND

Boolean OR

∧

Boolean XOR

Boolean NOT

Less than

≤

Less than or equal to

Equals (a test of equality)

≠

Not equals

≥

Greater than or equal to

Greater than

( )

Indicates precedence

⇐

Assignment operator

∈

Indicates membership

∉

Indicates nonmembership

| Catenate

ELSE No other state condition is satis-

fied

IEEE

CSMA/CD Std 802.3-2005

21.6 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma

21.6.1 Introduction

The supplier of a protocol implementation that is claimed to conform to any 100 Mb/s portion of this stan-

dard shall complete a protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma.

A completed PICS proforma is the PICS for the implementation in question. The PICS is a statement of

which capabilities and options of the protocol have been implemented. A PICS is included at the end of each

clause as appropriate. The PICS can be used for a variety of purposes by various parties, including the

following:

a) As a checklist by the protocol implementor, to reduce the risk of failure to conform to the standard

through oversight;

b) As a detailed indication of the capabilities of the implementation, stated relative to the common

basis for understanding provided by the standard PICS proforma, by the supplier and acquirer, or

potential acquirer, of the implementation;

c) As a basis for initially checking the possibility of interworking with another implementation by the

user, or potential user, of the implementation (note that, while interworking can never be guaranteed,

failure to interwork can often be predicted from incompatible PICS);

d) As the basis for selecting appropriate tests against which to assess the claim for conformance of the

implementation, by a protocol tester.

21.6.2 Abbreviations and special symbols

The following symbols are used in the PICS proforma:

M mandatory field/function

! negation

O optional field/function

O.<n> optional field/function, but at least one of the group of options labeled by

the same numeral <n> is required

O/<n> optional field/function, but one and only one of the group of options

labeled by the same numeral <n> is required

X prohibited field/function

<item>: simple-predicate condition, dependent on the support marked for <item>

<item1>*<item2>: AND-predicate condition, the requirement must be met if both optional

items are implemented

21.6.3 Instructions for completing the PICS proforma

The first part of the PICS proforma, Implementation Identification and Protocol Summary, is to be com-

pleted as indicated with the information necessary to identify fully both the supplier and the implementation.

The main part of the PICS proforma is a fixed-format questionnaire divided into subclauses, each containing

a group of items. Answers to the questionnaire items are to be provided in the right-most column, either by

simply marking an answer to indicate a restricted choice (usually Yes, No, or Not Applicable), or by entering

a value or a set or range of values. (Note that there are some items where two or more choices from a set of

possible answers can apply; all relevant choices are to be marked.)

Each item is identified by an item reference in the first column; the second column contains the question to

be answered; the third column contains the reference or references to the material that specifies the item in

the main body of the standard; the sixth column contains values and/or comments pertaining to the question

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