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Sniffer完整英文使用说明
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Sniffer完整英文使用说明
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Sniffer Portable
Getting Started
Release 4.7.5
Guide
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2002 Networks Associates Technology, Inc. All Rights Reserved. No part of this
publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or
translated into any language in any form or by any means without the written permission of
Networks Associates Technology, Inc., or its suppliers or affiliate companies. To obtain this
permission, write to the attention of the Network Associates legal department at: 3965 Freedom
Circle, Santa Clara, California 95054, or call (972) 308-9960.
TRADEMARK ATTRIBUTIONS
ActiveSecurity, ActiveHelp, ActiveShield, Antivirus Anyware (and design), Bomb Shelter, Building a
World of Trust, Certified Network Expert, CipherLink, Clean-Up, Cleanup Wizard, Cloaking, CNX,
CNX Certification Certified Network Expert (and design), Compass 7, CyberCop, CyberMedia,
CyberMedia Uninstaller, Data Security Letter (and design), N Design (logo), Design (rabbit with hat),
Discover (and design), Disk Minder, Distributed Sniffer System, Distributed Sniffer System (in
Katakana), Dr Solomon’s, Dr Solomon’s (label), Enterprise Secure Cast, EZ Setup, First Aid,
ForceField, Gauntlet, GMT, GroupShield, Guard Dog, HelpDesk, Homeguard, Hunter, IC Expert,
ISDN Tel/Scope, LAN Administration Architecture (and design), LANGuru, LANGuru (in Katakana),
LANWords, Leading Help Desk Technology, LM 1, M (and design), Magic Solutions, Magic
University, MagicSpy, MagicTree, MagicWin, MagicWord, McAfee, McAfee (in Katakana), McAfee
(and design), McAfee Associates, MoneyMagic, More Power To You, Multimedia Cloaking, NetCrypto,
NetOctopus, NetRoom, NetScan, Net Shield, NetShield, NetStalker, Net Tools, Net Tools (in
Katakana), Network Associates, Network General, Network Uptime!, NetXRay, Notesguard, Nuts &
Bolts, Oil Change, PC Medic, PC Medic 97, PCNotary, PGP, PGP (Pretty Good Privacy), PocketScope,
Pop-Up, PowerTelnet, Pretty Good Privacy, PrimeSupport, RecoverKey, RecoverKey-International,
ReportMagic, Registry Wizard, RingFence, Router PM, Safe & Sound, SalesMagic, SecureCast, Service
Level Manager, ServiceMagic, Site Meter, Smart Desk, Sniffer, Sniffer (in Hangul), SniffMaster,
SniffMaster (in Hangul), Sniffmaster (in Katakana), SniffNet, Stalker, Stalker (stylized), Statistical
Information Retrieval (SIR), SupportMagic, Switch PM, TeleSniffer, TIS, TMach, TMeg, Total
Network Security, Total Network Visibility, Total Service Desk, Total Virus Defense, T-POD, T-POD
(stylized), Trusted Mach, Trusted Mail, UnInstaller, Virex, Virex-PC, Virus Forum, ViruScan,
VirusScan, VShield, WebScan, WebShield, WebSniffer, WebStalker, WebWall, Who’s Watching your
Network, Wingauge, ZAC 2000, and Zip Manager are registered trademarks of Network
Associates, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the US and/or other countries. All other registered and
unregistered trademarks in this document are the sole property of their respective owners.
LICENSE AGREEMENT
NOTICE TO ALL USERS: FOR THE SPECIFIC TERMS OF YOUR LICENSE TO USE THE
SOFTWARE THAT THIS DOCUMENTATION DESCRIBES, CONSULT THE LICENSE.TXT
OR OTHER LICENSE DOCUMENT THAT ACCOMPANIES YOUR SOFTWARE, EITHER AS
A TEXT FILE OR AS PART OF THE SOFTWARE PACKAGING. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO
ALL OF THE TERMS SET FORTH THEREIN, DO NOT INSTALL THE SOFTWARE. IF
APPLICABLE, YOU MAY RETURN THE PRODUCT TO THE PLACE OF PURCHASE FOR A
FULL REFUND.
Part Number: NAI-415-0011-4, Release 4.7.5, November, 2002
Getting Started Guide iii
Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Help Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x
Other Manuals for Sniffer Portable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .x
Contacting Network Associates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Customer Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xii
Getting Help with Web Site Downloads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xii
Sniffer University Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
International Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiv
Chapter 1. Introducing Sniffer Portable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Major Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Chapter 2. Monitoring Your Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Monitor Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Monitor Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Line Status Indicators in the Dashboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Viewing the Dashboard Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
Setting Thresholds for the Dashboard Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Host Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Single Station Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Single Station Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Application Response Time (ART) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
ART Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Adding Custom Protocols to the ART Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
History Samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Creating a Multiple History Sample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Protocol Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Global Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
Table of Contents
iv Sniffer Portable
Smart Screens (ATM Adapters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Physical Layer Statistics (ATM Adapters) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Monitor Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
Exporting Monitor Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
Generating Reports on Monitor Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
Saving Monitor Data to a Database File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
Chapter 3. Capturing Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Capture Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Capture Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
Capture Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
Setting Large Capture Buffer Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
Troubleshooting Capture Buffer Related Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Saving the Capture Buffer to a File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Capturing from Specific Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
Capture Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Capture Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Expert Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Expert Layers and Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
Expert Thresholds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
Subnet Masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
RIP Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
802.11 Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Adding Known Addresses to the Expert’s List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
Chapter 4. Displaying Captured Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Display Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Packet Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Decode Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Navigating the Decode Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4
Selecting Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Setting Display Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
Searching for Frames in the Decode Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Getting Started Guide v
Table of Contents
Using Protocol Forcing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-19
Matrix Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
Host Table Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Protocol Distribution Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
Statistics Tab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Expert Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-27
Setting Automatic Expert Display Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Limitations of the Expert Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Other Notes About Expert Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-29
Displaying Context-Sensitive Explain Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-30
Rearranging the Expert Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-31
Saving Expert Objects with Trace Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32
Notes on the Save/Load Expert Objects Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-32
Exporting the Contents of the Expert Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-33
Automatically Exporting Expert Analyzer Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-34
Chapter 5. Defining Filters and Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Defining Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Using Filter Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Filtering by Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Filtering by Data Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Filtering by Packet Size, Protocol, and Error Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Setting Capture Buffer Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Filtering on ATM VPI.VCIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Filtering on ATM Station Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Filtering on Payload Type (ATM Book Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Filtering by WAN\Synchronous Frame Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Defining Triggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Chapter 6. Using the Address Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Creating an Address Book . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Entering Names Manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Importing Address Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Autodiscovering Addresses and Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
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