LS-DYNA
®
KEYWORD USER'S MANUAL
VOLUME I
May 2007
Version 971
LIVERMORE SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION (LSTC)
Corporate Address
Livermore Software Technology Corporation
P. O. Box 712
Livermore, California 94551-0712
Support Addresses
Livermore Software Technology Corporation
7374 Las Positas Road
Livermore, California 94551
Tel: 925-449-2500 ♦ Fax: 925-449-2507
Email: sales@lstc.com
Website: www.lstc.com
Livermore Software Technology Corporation
1740 West Big Beaver Road
Suite 100
Troy, Michigan 48084
Tel: 248-649-4728 ♦ Fax: 248-649-6328
Disclaimer
Copyright © 1992-2007 Livermore Software Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
LS
-
DYNA
®
, LS
-
OPT
®
and LS
-
PrePost
®
are registered trademarks of Livermore Software
Technology Corporation in the United States. All other trademarks, product names and brand
names belong to their respective owners.
LSTC reserves the right to modify the material contained within this manual without prior notice.
The information and examples included herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not
intended to be exhaustive or all-inclusive. LSTC assumes no liability or responsibility
whatsoever for any direct of indirect damages or inaccuracies of any type or nature that could be
deemed to have resulted from the use of this manual.
Any reproduction, in whole or in part, of this manual is prohibited without the prior written
approval of LSTC. All requests to reproduce the contents hereof should be sent to
sales@lstc.com.
ISBN 0-9778540-2-7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AES
Copyright © 2001, Dr Brian Gladman <brg@gladman.uk.net>, Worcester, UK. All rights reserved.
LICENSE TERMS
The free distribution and use of this software in both source and binary form is allowed (with or without changes)
provided that:
1. distributions of this source code include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
disclaimer;
2. distributions in binary form include the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
disclaimer in the documentation and/or other associated materials;
3. the copyright holder's name is not used to endorse products built using this software without specific written
permission.
DISCLAIMER
This software is provided 'as is' with no explicit or implied warranties in respect of any properties, including, but not
limited to, correctness and fitness for purpose.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Issue Date: 21/01/2002
This file contains the code for implementing the key schedule for AES (Rijndael) for block and key sizes of 16, 24,
and 32 bytes.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LS-DYNA Version 971 iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... I.1
CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY ....................................................................................................I.1
MATERIAL MODELS.................................................................................................................I.21
SPATIAL DISCRETIZATION ....................................................................................................I.22
CONTACT-IMPACT INTERFACES ..........................................................................................I.26
INTERFACE DEFINITIONS FOR COMPONENT ANALYSIS................................................I.27
CAPACITY...................................................................................................................................I.27
PRECISION..................................................................................................................................I.27
GETTING STARTED.............................................................................................................................GS.1
DESCRIPTION OF KEYWORD INPUT ..................................................................................GS.1
SUMMARY OF COMMONLY USED OPTIONS ....................................................................GS.9
EXECUTION SYNTAX...........................................................................................................GS.10
SENSE SWITCH CONTROLS................................................................................................GS.12
PROCEDURE FOR LS-DYNA/MPP..............................................................................GS.13
FILES: INPUT AND OUTPUT ..............................................................................................GS.14
RESTART ANALYSIS............................................................................................................GS.16
VDA/IGES DATABASES........................................................................................................GS.17
LS-PrePost
®
..............................................................................................................................GS.18
EXECUTION SPEEDS ............................................................................................................GS.20
UNITS.......................................................................................................................................GS.21
GENERAL CARD FORMAT...................................................................................................GS.21
*AIRBAG....................................................................................................................................................1.1
*AIRBAG_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}..................................................1.2
SIMPLE_PRESSURE_VOLUME........................................................................................1.8
SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL...............................................................................................1.9
ADIABATIC_GAS_MODEL.............................................................................................1.11
WANG_NEFSKE...............................................................................................................1.13
LOAD_CURVE..................................................................................................................1.28
LINEAR_FLUID ................................................................................................................1.29
HYBRID.............................................................................................................................1.31
HYBRID_CHEMKIN.........................................................................................................1.38
*AIRBAG_ADVANCED_ALE...................................................................................................1.43
*AIRBAG_ALE...........................................................................................................................1.51
*AIRBAG_INTERACTION........................................................................................................1.65
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv LS-DYNA Version 971
*AIRBAG_REFERENCE_GEOMETRY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}............................................1.67
*AIRBAG_SHELL_REFERENCE_GEOMETERY ...................................................................1.69
*ALE............................................................................................................................................................2.1
*ALE_FSI_PROJECTION ............................................................................................................2.2
*ALE_FSI_SWITCH_MMG_{OPTION}.....................................................................................2.5
*ALE_MULTI-MATERIAL_GROUP ..........................................................................................2.9
*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_CURVE ..................................................................................2.13
*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_GROUP ..................................................................................2.15
*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_NODE.....................................................................................2.22
*ALE_REFERENCE_SYSTEM_SWITCH.................................................................................2.24
*ALE_SMOOTHING ..................................................................................................................2.26
*ALE_TANK_TEST ...................................................................................................................2.27
*ALE_UP_SWITCH....................................................................................................................2.31
*BOUNDARY.............................................................................................................................................3.1
*BOUNDARY_ACOUSTIC_COUPLING....................................................................................3.2
*BOUNDARY_AMBIENT_EOS..................................................................................................3.3
*BOUNDARY_CONVECTION_OPTION ...................................................................................3.5
*BOUNDARY_CYCLIC...............................................................................................................3.7
*BOUNDARY_ELEMENT_METHOD_OPTION .......................................................................3.9
*BOUNDARY_FLUX_OPTION.................................................................................................3.23
*BOUNDARY_MCOL................................................................................................................3.26
*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING.........................................................................................3.28
*BOUNDARY_NON_REFLECTING_2D..................................................................................3.30
*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ACCELEROMETER_RIGID..................................................3.32
*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_OPTION1_(OPTION2}..........................................3.34
*BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_ORIENTATION_RIGID_OPTION.........................................3.39
*BOUNDARY_PRESSURE_OUTFLOW_OPTION..................................................................3.44
*BOUNDARY_RADIATION_OPTION1_{OPTION2}.............................................................3.45
*BOUNDARY_SLIDING_PLANE.............................................................................................3.53
*BOUNDARY_SPC_OPTION1_{OPTION2}............................................................................3.54
*BOUNDARY_SPH_FLOW.......................................................................................................3.56
*BOUNDARY_SPH_SYMMETRY_PLANE.............................................................................3.58
*BOUNDARY_SYMMETRY_FAILURE ..................................................................................3.59
*BOUNDARY_TEMPERATURE_OPTION..............................................................................3.60
*BOUNDARY_THERMAL_WELD...........................................................................................3.61
*BOUNDARY_USA_SURFACE................................................................................................3.64
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LS-DYNA Version 971 v
*CASE.........................................................................................................................................................4.1
*CASE_{OPTION} .......................................................................................................................4.1
*COMPONENT .........................................................................................................................................5.1
*COMPONENT_GEBOD_OPTION.............................................................................................5.2
*COMPONENT_GEBOD_JOINT_OPTION................................................................................5.4
*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII .......................................................................................................5.8
*COMPONENT_HYBRIDIII_JOINT_OPTION........................................................................5.10
*CONSTRAINED ......................................................................................................................................6.1
*CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY ...............................................................................................6.2
*CONSTRAINED_BUTT_WELD................................................................................................6.3
*CONSTRAINED_EULER_IN_EULER......................................................................................6.6
*CONSTRAINED_EXTRA_NODES_OPTION...........................................................................6.8
*CONSTRAINED_GENERALIZED_WELD_OPTION_{OPTION} ........................................6.10
*CONSTRAINED_GLOBAL......................................................................................................6.23
*CONSTRAINED_INTERPOLATION_{OPTION}..................................................................6.25
*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_OPTION_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}..............................6.30
*CONSTRAINED_JOINT_STIFFNESS_OPTION....................................................................6.42
*CONSTRAINED_LAGRANGE_IN_SOLID_{OPTION1}_{OPTION2}................................6.55
*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_GLOBAL.....................................................................................6.71
*CONSTRAINED_LINEAR_LOCAL........................................................................................6.74
*CONSTRAINED_LOCAL ........................................................................................................6.76
*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY_{OPTION}_{OPTION}_{OPTION}.................6.78
*CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET_{OPTION} .............................................................................6.86
*CONSTRAINED_POINTS........................................................................................................6.89
*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODIES..........................................................................................6.91
*CONSTRAINED_RIGID_BODY_STOPPERS........................................................................6.93
*CONSTRAINED_RIVET_{OPTION}......................................................................................6.96
*CONSTRAINED_SHELL_TO_SOLID ....................................................................................6.98
*CONSTRAINED_SPLINE......................................................................................................6.100
*CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD_{OPTION}_{OPTION}......................................................6.102
*CONSTRAINED_TIE-BREAK...............................................................................................6.106
*CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE.........................................................................6.107
*CONTACT................................................................................................................................................7.1
*CONTACT_OPTION1_{OPTION2}_{OPTION3}_{OPTION4}_{OPTION5} ........................7.2
*CONTACT_AUTO_MOVE......................................................................................................7.51
*CONTACT_COUPLING...........................................................................................................7.52
