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H264最新标准文档2009.1
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H264最新标准文档2009.1 H264最新标准文档2009.1 H264最新标准文档2009.1 H264最新标准文档2009.1
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International Telecommunication Union
ITU-T
H.264
TELECOMMUNICATION
STANDARDIZATION SECTOR
OF ITU
Corrigendum 1
(01/2009)
SERIES H: AUDIOVISUAL AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
Infrastructure of audiovisual services – Coding of moving
video
Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual
services
Corrigendum 1
Recommendation ITU-T H.264 (2007) – Corrigendum 1
ITU-T H-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS
AUDIOVISUAL AND MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
CHARACTERISTICS OF VISUAL TELEPHONE SYSTEMS H.100–H.199
INFRASTRUCTURE OF AUDIOVISUAL SERVICES
General H.200–H.219
Transmission multiplexing and synchronization H.220–H.229
Systems aspects H.230–H.239
Communication procedures H.240–H.259
Coding of moving video H.260–H.279
Related systems aspects H.280–H.299
Systems and terminal equipment for audiovisual services H.300–H.349
Directory services architecture for audiovisual and multimedia services H.350–H.359
Quality of service architecture for audiovisual and multimedia services H.360–H.369
Supplementary services for multimedia H.450–H.499
MOBILITY AND COLLABORATION PROCEDURES
Overview of Mobility and Collaboration, definitions, protocols and procedures H.500–H.509
Mobility for H-Series multimedia systems and services H.510–H.519
Mobile multimedia collaboration applications and services H.520–H.529
Security for mobile multimedia systems and services H.530–H.539
Security for mobile multimedia collaboration applications and services H.540–H.549
Mobility interworking procedures H.550–H.559
Mobile multimedia collaboration inter-working procedures H.560–H.569
BROADBAND AND TRIPLE-PLAY MULTIMEDIA SERVICES
Broadband multimedia services over VDSL H.610–H.619
Advanced multimedia services and applications H.620–H.629
IPTV MULTIMEDIA SERVICES AND APPLICATIONS FOR IPTV
General aspects H.700–H.719
IPTV terminal devices H.720–H.729
For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations.
Rec. ITU-T H.264 (2007)/Cor.1 (01/2009) i
ITU-T Recommendation H.264
Advanced video coding for generic audiovisual services
Corrigendum 1
Summary
This Recommendation | International Standard represents an evolution of the existing video coding standards (H.261,
H.262, and H.263) and it was developed in response to the growing need for higher compression of moving pictures for
various applications such as videoconferencing, digital storage media, television broadcasting, Internet streaming, and
communication. It is also designed to enable the use of the coded video representation in a flexible manner for a wide
variety of network environments. The use of this Recommendation | International Standard allows motion video to be
manipulated as a form of computer data and to be stored on various storage media, transmitted and received over existing
and future networks and distributed on existing and future broadcasting channels.
The revision approved 2005-03 contained modifications of the video coding standard to add four new profiles, referred
to as the High, High 10, High 4:2:2, and High 4:4:4 profiles, to improve video quality capability and to extend the range
of applications addressed by the standard (for example, by including support for a greater range of picture sample
precision and higher-resolution chroma formats). Additionally, a definition of new types of supplemental data was
specified to further broaden the applicability of the video coding standard. Finally, a number of corrections to errors in
the published text were included.
Corrigendum 1 to ITU-T Rec. H.264 corrected and updated various minor aspects to bring the ITU-T version of the text
up to date relative to the April 2005 output status approved as a new edition of the corresponding jointly-developed and
technically-aligned text ISO/IEC 14496-10. It additionally fixed a number of minor errors and needs for clarification and
defined three previously-reserved sample aspect ratio indicators.
The H.264 edition published in 2005-11 included the text approved 2005-03 and its Corrigendum 1 approved 2005-09.
Amendment 1 "Support of additional colour spaces and removal of the High 4:4:4 Profile" contained alterations to
ITU-T Rec. H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10 Advanced Video Coding to specify the support of additional colour spaces and to
remove the definition of the High 4:4:4 Profile.
NOTE – ITU-T Rec. H.264 is a twin text with ISO/IEC 14496-10 and this amendment was published in two different documents
in the ISO/IEC series:
– The removal of the High 4:4:4 profile was found in ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005/Cor.2.
– The specification for support of additional colour spaces was found in ISO/IEC 14496-10:2005/Amd.1.
Amendment 2 "New profiles for professional applications" contained extensions to ITU-T Rec. H.264 | ISO/IEC
14496-10 Advanced Video Coding to specify the support of five additional profiles intended primarily for professional
applications (the High 10 Intra, High 4:2:2 Intra, High 4:4:4 Intra, CAVLC 4:4:4 Intra, and High 4:4:4 Predictive
profiles) and two new types of supplemental enhancement information (SEI) messages (the post-filter hint SEI message
and the tone mapping information SEI message).
Amendment 3 "Scalable video coding" contained extensions to ITU-T Rec. H.264 | ISO/IEC 14496-10 Advanced Video
Coding to specify a scalable video coding extension in three profiles (the Scalable Baseline, Scalable High, and Scalable
High Intra profiles).
The H.264 edition published in 2005-11 included the text approved 2005-03 and its Corrigendum 1 approved 2005-09.
H.264 (2005) Amd.2 (2007) was available only as pre-published text since it was superseded by H.264 Amd.3 (2007-11)
before its publication; further, H.264 Amd.3 was not published separately. This third edition integrates into the H.264
edition published in 2005-11 all changes approved in Amendments 1 (2006-06), 2 (2007-04) and 3 (2007-11).
Corrigendum 1 (2009) provides a significant number of minor corrections, clarifications, consistency improvements and
formatting improvements drafted in response to accumulated errata reports collected since publication of the 2nd edition
(dated 2005-03, which included a Cor.1 approved 2005-09).
Source
Corrigendum 1 to Recommendation ITU-T H.264 (2007) was approved on 13 January 2009 by ITU-T Study Group 16
(2009-2012) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure.
ii Rec. ITU-T H.264 (2007)/Cor.1 (01/2009)
FOREWORD
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of
telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication
Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical,
operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing
telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years,
establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on
these topics.
The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1.
In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are
prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC.
NOTE
In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a
telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency.
Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain
mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the
Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words "shall" or some
other obligatory language such as "must" and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The
use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may
involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence,
validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others
outside of the Recommendation development process.
As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU [had/had not] received notice of intellectual
property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However,
implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged
to consult the TSB patent database at http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/
.
© ITU 2009
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the
prior written permission of ITU.
Rec. ITU-T H.264 (2007)/Cor.1 (01/2009) iii
CONTENTS
Page
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................xix
0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................. 1
0.1 Prologue ...............................................................................................................................................................1
0.2 Purpose.................................................................................................................................................................1
0.3 Applications ..........................................................................................................................................................1
0.4 Publication and versions of this specification ......................................................................................................1
0.5 Profiles and levels.................................................................................................................................................2
0.6 Overview of the design characteristics .................................................................................................................3
0.6.1 Predictive coding ........................................................................................................................................ 3
0.6.2 Coding of progressive and interlaced video................................................................................................ 3
0.6.3 Picture partitioning into macroblocks and smaller partitions...................................................................... 3
0.6.4 Spatial redundancy reduction...................................................................................................................... 4
0.7 How to read this specification ..............................................................................................................................4
1 Scope .......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2 Normative references................................................................................................................................................ 4
3 Definitions.................................................................................................................................................................. 5
4 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
5 Conventions............................................................................................................................................................. 13
5.1 Arithmetic operators...........................................................................................................................................13
5.2 Logical operators................................................................................................................................................14
5.3 Relational operators ...........................................................................................................................................14
5.4 Bit-wise operators...............................................................................................................................................14
5.5 Assignment operators .........................................................................................................................................15
5.6 Range notation....................................................................................................................................................15
5.7 Mathematical functions.......................................................................................................................................15
5.8 Order of operation precedence...........................................................................................................................16
5.9 Variables, syntax elements, and tables ...............................................................................................................17
5.10 Text description of logical operations ................................................................................................................17
5.11 Processes ............................................................................................................................................................18
6 Source, coded, decoded and output data formats, scanning processes, and neighbouring relationships........ 19
6.1 Bitstream formats................................................................................................................................................19
6.2 Source, decoded, and output picture formats .....................................................................................................19
6.3 Spatial subdivision of pictures and slices ...........................................................................................................24
6.4 Inverse scanning processes and derivation processes for neighbours................................................................25
6.4.1 Inverse macroblock scanning process....................................................................................................... 26
6.4.2 Inverse macroblock partition and sub-macroblock partition scanning process......................................... 26
6.4.2.1 Inverse macroblock partition scanning process .................................................................................... 27
6.4.2.2 Inverse sub-macroblock partition scanning process.............................................................................. 27
6.4.3 Inverse 4x4 luma block scanning process................................................................................................. 28
6.4.4 Inverse 4x4 Cb or Cr block scanning process for ChromaArrayType equal to 3 ..................................... 28
6.4.5 Inverse 8x8 luma block scanning process................................................................................................. 28
6.4.6 Inverse 8x8 Cb or Cr block scanning process for ChromaArrayType equal to 3 ..................................... 29
6.4.7 Derivation process of the availability for macroblock addresses.............................................................. 29
6.4.8 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblock addresses and their availability................................... 29
6.4.9 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblock addresses and their availability in MBAFF frames .... 30
6.4.10 Derivation processes for neighbouring macroblocks, blocks, and partitions............................................ 30
6.4.10.1 Derivation process for neighbouring macroblocks.............................................................................. 31
6.4.10.2 Derivation process for neighbouring 8x8 luma block ......................................................................... 31
6.4.10.3 Derivation process for neighbouring 8x8 chroma blocks for ChromaArrayType equal to 3 .............. 32
6.4.10.4 Derivation process for neighbouring 4x4 luma blocks........................................................................ 32
6.4.10.5 Derivation process for neighbouring 4x4 chroma blocks.................................................................... 33
6.4.10.6 Derivation process for neighbouring 4x4 chroma blocks for ChromaArrayType equal to 3 .............. 33
6.4.10.7 Derivation process for neighbouring partitions................................................................................... 34
6.4.11 Derivation process for neighbouring locations ......................................................................................... 35
6.4.11.1 Specification for neighbouring locations in fields and non-MBAFF frames ...................................... 35
6.4.11.2 Specification for neighbouring locations in MBAFF frames .............................................................. 36
6.4.12 Derivation processes for block and partition indices ................................................................................ 38
6.4.12.1 Derivation process for 4x4 luma block indices ...................................................................................38
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