--------------------------------------------------
--- Manual Additions/Modifications ---
--------------------------------------------------
PC-lint for C/C++ Version 8.00e
This readme.txt supplements the on-line PC-lint manual entitled
"Reference Manual for PC-lint/Flexelint" found in the installation
directory under the name "pc-lint.pdf"
------ What's New ------
To find out what we've added to the product since Version 7.50,
check out Chapter 18 "What's New" in the Reference Manual.
------ Front End ------
Your linting experience will be considerably enhanced by adapting
your favorite editor or compiler environment to the task of
sequencing from error to error. See Section 3.5 of the Reference
Manual.
------ Multiple Passes ------
By default, PC-lint/FlexeLint will go through all your modules in
one pass. For projects not previously linted there will be enough
messages to look at. However, with just one pass, you will not be
taking full advantage of our new interfunction value tracking. With
just one pass, we will not know about dangerous return values for
functions that are defined later than they are called, and we will
not know about dangerous arguments for functions that are defined
early. To introduce a second pass you need only to add the command
line option:
-passes(2)
or, if this syntax presents a problem with your Shell, you may use:
-passes[2]
or, in some cases,
-passes=2
is needed.
See Section 9.2.2, "Interfunction Value Tracking".
------ Improved Exception Handling in 8.00e ------
Earlier patch levels (8.00d and earlier) would report that a
function could throw an exception yet failed to provide an exception
specification (i.e., was not declared with a throw-list). For
example:
void f() { throw X(); }
would be greeted with a Warning suggesting that this might be
changed to:
void f() throw(X) { throw X(); }
But the absence of an exception specification indicates that a
function can potentially throw any exception. Thus, the first
version is perfectly safe. Moreover, if the constructor for X()
does not have an exception specification, which is the current
programming norm, the first version is actually safer than the
second because a thrown exception other than what is declared for
can cause the dreaded UnexpectedException to be thrown in its place.
See, for example, reference [23], Scott Myers "More Effective C++",
Item 14. Hence we now reserve these warnings for when the
programmer has supplied an exception specification Thus:
void f() throw(Y) { throw X(); }
will receive a warning that X is not on the list; moreover, if
X::X() can throw exceptions not confined to Y, then this too will be
reported.
The text of messages 1549, 1550 and 1560 have been altered to
reflect this improved handling of exceptions.
------ New or Improved Error Messages ------
686 Option 'String' is suspicious because of 'Name' -- An option is
considered suspicious for one of a variety of reasons that is
specified by Name. At this writing, the only reason code is
'unbalanced quotes'.
1076 Anonymous union assumed to be 'static' -- Anonymous unions need
to be declared static. This is because the names contained
within are considered local to the module in which they are
declared.
1549 Exception thrown for function 'Symbol' not declared to throw --
An exception was thrown (i.e., a throw was detected) within a
function and not within a try block; moreover the function was
declared to throw but the exception thrown was not on the list.
If you provide an exception specification, include all the
exception types you potentially will throw. [23, Item 14]
1550 exception 'Name' thrown by function 'Symbol' is not on
throw-list of function 'Symbol' -- A function was called (first
Symbol) which was declared as potentially throwing an
exception. The call was not made from within a try block and
the function making the call had an exception specification.
Either add the exception to the list, or place the call inside
a try block and catch the throw. [23, Item 14]
1560 Uncaught exception 'Name' not on throw-list of function
'Symbol' -- A direct or indirect throw of the named exception
occurred within a try block and was either not caught by any
handler or was rethrown by the handler. Moreover, the function
has an exception specification and the uncaught exception is
not on the list. Note that a function that fails to declare a
list of thrown exceptions is assumed to potentially throw any
exception.
Gimpel Software
November 2001
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温馨提示
概述PC-Lint是一个历史悠久,功能异常强劲的静态代码检测工具。经过这么多年的发展,它不但能够监测出许多语法逻辑上的隐患,而且也能够有效地帮你提出许多程序在空间利用、运行效率上的改进点,在很多专业级的软件公司,比如Microsoft, PC-Lint检查无错误无警告是代码首先要过的第一关,觉得,对于小公司和个人开发而言,PC-Lint也非常重要,因为基于开发成本考虑,小公司和个人往往不能拿出很多很全面的,这时候,PC-Lint的强劲功能可以很好地提高软件的质量。
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