Copyright © 2016 Digital Living Network Alliance.
Any form of reproduction and/or distribution of these works is prohibited.
DLNA guidelines
June 2016 release
Part 1-1: Architecture and protocols
An industry guide for
building interoperable
platforms, devices
and applications
Fulfilling the promise of the digital home requires a cross-industry effort to develop and promote
a common industry framework for interoperability. This industry framework is expressed
through the DLNA guidelines document that has been developed to provide Consumer
Electronic, Mobile Device and PC companies with the information needed to build interoperable
platforms, devices, and application for the digital home.
Do Not Copy
DIGITAL LIVING NETWORK ALLIANCE (DLNA) HAS BEEN DISSOLVED. THESE GUIDELINES ARE MADE
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DLNA guidelines; Part 1-1: Architecture and protocols
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Copyright © 2016 Digital Living Network Alliance.
Any form of reproduction and/or distribution of these works is prohibited.
CONTENTS
1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 3
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 3
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations ................................................................ 10
3.1 Terms and definitions ............................................................................................ 10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations .................................................................................... 19
3.3 Conventions .......................................................................................................... 31
4 DLNA home network architecture ................................................................................... 31
4.1 General ................................................................................................................. 31
4.2 Networking and connectivity .................................................................................. 32
4.3 Device discovery and control ................................................................................. 33
4.4 Media management ............................................................................................... 33
4.5 Media formats ....................................................................................................... 34
4.6 Media transport ..................................................................................................... 34
4.7 Remote UI ............................................................................................................. 34
5 DLNA device model ........................................................................................................ 34
5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................... 34
5.2 Device model elements ......................................................................................... 34
5.3 Device Functions ................................................................................................... 36
5.4 Device Categories ................................................................................................. 37
5.5 Device Classes and roles ...................................................................................... 37
5.6 Device Capabilities and roles ................................................................................ 38
5.7 System usages ...................................................................................................... 38
5.8 Interoperability guidelines usage ........................................................................... 48
6 Guideline terminology and conventions .......................................................................... 50
6.1 Guideline compliance classifiers ............................................................................ 50
6.2 Standard or specification usage classifiers ............................................................ 51
6.3 Guideline font usage conventions .......................................................................... 51
6.4 Guideline syntax notation conventions ................................................................... 51
6.5 Guideline normative and informative text conventions ........................................... 52
6.6 DLNA XML namespaces and schemas .................................................................. 52
6.7 General rules on XML documents and fragments ................................................... 52
7 Guideline requirements overview .................................................................................... 52
7.1 General ................................................................................................................. 52
7.2 Conditions for measuring time in message exchanges ........................................... 55
8 Networking and connectivity ........................................................................................... 56
8.1 General ................................................................................................................. 56
8.2 Networking and connectivity: General capability requirements ............................... 56
8.3 Networking and connectivity: QoS requirements .................................................... 60
8.4 Networking and connectivity: device requirements ................................................. 66
9 Device discovery and control .......................................................................................... 71
9.1 General ................................................................................................................. 71
9.2 Device discovery and control guidelines ................................................................ 72
10 Media management ...................................................................................................... 114
10.1 AV media management ....................................................................................... 114
10.2 Content synchronization MM/CM guidelines ........................................................ 352
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DLNA guidelines; Part 1-1: Architecture and protocols
10.3
Scheduled Recording Media Management guidelines .......................................... 365
10.4 Extended Tuner media management guidelines ................................................... 415
10.5 EPG Media management guidelines .................................................................... 443
11 Media Transport ........................................................................................................... 480
11.1 General ............................................................................................................... 480
11.2 Uniform Client Data Availability Model ................................................................. 482
11.3 Media Operations ................................................................................................ 484
11.4 Media Transport protocols ................................................................................... 485
12 Content transformation device virtualization ................................................................. 680
12.1 Theory of operations ........................................................................................... 680
12.2 Virtual device implementation .............................................................................. 682
12.3 Virtual device, Device Discovery and Control (DDC) ............................................ 683
12.4 Virtual device Media Management (MM) .............................................................. 687
12.5 Virtual device Media Formats (MF) ...................................................................... 703
12.6 Virtual device Media Transport (MT) .................................................................... 704
13 3D media rendering guidelines ..................................................................................... 705
13.1 705
13.2 705
13.3 705
13.4 706
13.5 706
Annex A (informative) Network Infrastructure Device (NID) recommendations .................. 707
A.1 General ............................................................................................................... 707
A.2 NID Functions ..................................................................................................... 707
A.3 NID recommendations ......................................................................................... 707
Annex B (informative) Basic Tuner representation ............................................................ 725
B.1 General ............................................................................................................... 725
B.2 Tuner objects ...................................................................................................... 725
B.3 Channel objects .................................................................................................. 725
B.4 Accessing a tuner channel................................................................................... 726
B.5 Tuner example .................................................................................................... 727
Annex C (informative) UPnP devices with multiple network interfaces ............................... 730
C.1 Representation at the UPnP Device level ............................................................ 730
C.2 Representation at the CDS level .......................................................................... 732
C.3 Understanding the "treated as or assumed to be routable" clause ....................... 733
C.4 Multiple <res> elements ....................................................................................... 733
Annex D (informative) Example applications of the Uniform Client Data Availability
Model ........................................................................................................................... 735
D.1 Uniform Client Data Availability Model definitions ................................................ 735
D.2 UCDAM and media operations............................................................................. 738
Annex E (informative) Auto-IP developer guidance ........................................................... 741
E.1 Goal .................................................................................................................... 741
E.2 Overview ............................................................................................................. 741
E.3 Suggested solution .............................................................................................. 742
E.4 Validation example using UPnP AV applications .................................................. 743
E.5 Installing routes during address transitions .......................................................... 746
Annex F (informative) RTP Protocol Stack and SDP/RTSP/RTCP Parameters .................. 748
Annex G (informative) Guidance on address conflict resolution in Auto-IP ........................ 751
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Copyright © 2016 Digital Living Network Alliance.
Any form of reproduction and/or distribution of these works is prohibited.
Annex H (informative) Wi-Fi Direct for DLNA .................................................................... 752
H.1 Wi-Fi Direct introduction ...................................................................................... 752
H.2 Wi-Fi Direct with system usages .......................................................................... 756
Annex I (informative) EPG Theory of Operation ................................................................ 765
I.1 Goal .................................................................................................................... 765
I.2 Usage scenarios.................................................................................................. 765
I.3 The model ........................................................................................................... 765
I.4 Implementation considerations ............................................................................ 767
Annex J (normative) Rating systems ................................................................................. 772
Annex K (normative) 3D media rendering guidelines for HDMI signal ................................ 781
K.1 Overview ............................................................................................................. 781
K.2 MPEG-2 3DFC format output mapping ................................................................. 781
K.3 MPEG-4 part 10 3DFC format output mapping ..................................................... 781
K.4 3D-capable renderer HDMI format conversion ..................................................... 783
K.5 HDMI backward compatible output signalling ....................................................... 783
Annex L Bibliography .......................................................................................................... 784
Annex M Live content use cases (Informative) .................................................................... 785
M.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 785
M.2 Live content use cases ........................................................................................ 785
M.3 Guidelines clarifications ...................................................................................... 786
M.4 Association with protocolInfo guidelines .............................................................. 787
Figures:
Figure 1 – DLNA functional components ............................................................................... 32
Figure 2 – DLNA device model terms hierarchy..................................................................... 36
Figure 3 – 2-box Pull system usage interaction model ........................................................... 40
Figure 4 – 2-box Push system usage interaction model ......................................................... 41
Figure 5 – 3-box system usage interaction model ................................................................. 41
Figure 6 – Download system usage interaction model ........................................................... 42
Figure 7 – Upload system usage interaction model ............................................................... 43
Figure 8 – Download Synchronization system usage interaction model ................................. 44
Figure 9 – Upload Synchronization system usage interaction model ..................................... 45
Figure 10 – Scheduled Recording system usage interaction model ....................................... 46
Figure 11 – EPG system usage interaction model ................................................................. 47
Figure 12 – Guideline layout and definitions ......................................................................... 53
Figure 13 – Visual map of possible values for the attribute tables ......................................... 55
Figure 14 – DLNA QoS visual organization ........................................................................... 60
Figure 15 – UPnP discovery robustness ................................................................................ 79
Figure 16 – DLNA PlayContainer URI example ................................................................... 238
Figure 17 – Recording conflict behavior .............................................................................. 392
Figure 18 – CDS and SRS object lifetimes .......................................................................... 410
Figure 19 – Extended Tuner and its containers ................................................................... 416
Figure 20 – Modeling DLNA Extended Tuner ...................................................................... 418
Figure 21 – UCDAM summary ............................................................................................. 483
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