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User_Guide

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gSOAP 2.7.8 User Guide

Robert van Engelen

Florida State University

and Genivia, Inc.

engelen@genivia.com & engelen@acm.org

June 26, 2006

Contents

1 Introduction 8

1.1 Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.2 Your First Web Service Client Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

1.3 Your First Web Service in CGI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

1.4 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

2 Notational Conventions 13

3 Diﬀerences Between gSOAP Versions 2.4 (and Earlier) and 2.5 14

4 Diﬀerences Between gSOAP Versions 2.1 (and Earlier) and 2.2 14

5 Diﬀerences Between gSOAP Versions 1.X and 2.X 14

6 Interoperability 17

7 Quick User Guide 18

7.1 How to Use the gSOAP Stub and Skeleton Compiler to Build SOAP Clients . . . 18

7.1.1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

7.1.2 Namespace Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

7.1.3 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

7.1.4 How to Generate C++ Client Proxy Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

7.1.5 XSD Type Encoding Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

7.1.6 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

7.1.7 How to Change the Response Element Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

7.1.8 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

7.1.9 How to Specify Multiple Output Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

7.1.10 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

7.1.11 How to Specify Output Parameters With struct/class Compound Data

Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

7.1.12 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

7.1.13 How to Specify Anonymous Parameter Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

7.1.14 How to Specify a Method with No Input Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

7.1.15 How to Specify a Method with No Output Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . 35

7.2 How to Use the gSOAP Stub and Skeleton Compiler to Build SOAP Web Services 36

7.2.1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

7.2.2 MSVC++ Builds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.2.3 How to Create a Stand-Alone gSOAP Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

7.2.4 How to Create a Multi-Threaded Stand-Alone Service . . . . . . . . . . . 41

7.2.5 How to Pass Application Data to Service Metho ds . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

7.2.6 Some Web Service Implementation Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

7.2.7 How to Generate C++ Server Object Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

7.2.8 How to Generate WSDL Service Des criptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

7.2.9 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

7.2.10 How to Parse and Import WSDL Service Descriptions to Develop Clients

and Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

7.2.11 The typemap.dat File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

7.2.12 How to Use Client Functionalities Within a Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

7.3 How to Use gSOAP for Asynchronous One-Way Message Passing . . . . . . . . . 56

7.4 One-Way Message Passing over HTTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

7.5 How to Use the SOAP Serializers and Deserializers to Save and Load Application

Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

7.5.1 Serializing a Data Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

7.5.2 Deserializing a Data Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

7.5.3 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

7.5.4 Serializing and Deserializing Class Instances to Streams . . . . . . . . . . 68

7.5.5 How to Specify Default Values for Omitted Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

8 Using the gSOAP Stub and Skeleton Compiler 71

8.1 Compiler Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

8.2 SOAP 1.1 Versus SOAP 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

8.3 The soapdefs.h Header File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

8.4 How to Build Modules and Libraries with the gSOAP #module Directive . . . . 74

8.5 How to use the gSOAP #import Directive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

8.6 How to Use #include and #deﬁne Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

8.7 Compiling a gSOAP Client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

8.8 Compiling a gSOAP Web Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

8.9 Using gSOAP for Creating Web Services and Clients in Pure C . . . . . . . . . . 78

8.10 Limitations of gSOAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

8.11 Compile Time Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

8.12 Run Time Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

8.13 Memory Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

8.13.1 Memory Management Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

8.13.2 Intra-Class Memory Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

8.14 Debugging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

8.15 Required Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

9 The gSOAP Remote Method Speciﬁcation Format 88

9.1 Remote Method Parameter Passing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

9.2 Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

9.3 C/C++ Identiﬁer Name to XML Name Translations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

9.4 Namespace Mapping Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

10 gSOAP Serialization and Deserialization Rules 97

10.1 SOAP RPC Encoding Versus Document/Literal and xsi:type Info . . . . . . . . . 97

10.2 Primitive Type Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

10.3 How to Encode and Decode Primitive Types as XSD Types . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

10.3.1 How to Use Multiple C/C++ Types for a Single Primitive XSD Type . . 105

10.3.2 How to use Wrapper Classes to Specify Polymorphic Primitive Types . . 105

10.3.3 XSD Schema Type Decoding Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

10.3.4 Multi-Reference Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

10.3.5 “Smart String” Mixed-Content Decoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

10.3.6 STL Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

10.3.7 Changing the Encoding Precision of ﬂoat and double Types . . . . . . . 111

10.3.8 INF, -INF, and NaN Values of ﬂoat and double Types . . . . . . . . . . 112

10.4 Enumeration Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

10.4.1 Serialization of Symbolic Enumeration Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112

10.4.2 Encoding of Enumeration Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

10.4.3 Initialized Enumeration Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

10.4.4 How to “Reuse” Symbolic Enumeration Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

10.4.5 Boolean Enumeration Serialization for C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

10.4.6 Bitmask Enumeration Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

10.5 Struct Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

10.6 Class Instance Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

10.6.1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

10.6.2 Initialized static const Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

10.6.3 Class Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

10.6.4 Getter and Setter Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

10.6.5 Streaming XML with Getter and Setter Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

10.6.6 Polymorphism, Derived Classes, and Dynamic Binding . . . . . . . . . . . 121

10.6.7 XML Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

10.6.8 QName Attributes and Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

10.7 Union Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

10.8 Serializing Pointer Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

10.8.1 Multi-Referenced Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

10.8.2 NULL Pointers and Nil Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

10.9 Void Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

10.10Fixed-Size Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

10.11Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

10.11.1 SOAP Array Bounds Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

10.11.2 One-Dimensional Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

10.11.3 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

10.11.4 One-Dimensional Dynamic Arrays With Non-Zero Oﬀset . . . . . . . . . 135

10.11.5 Nested One-Dimensional Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

10.11.6 Multi-Dimensional Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

10.11.7 Encoding XML Generics Containing Dynamic Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . 138

10.11.8 STL Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

10.11.9 Polymorphic Dynamic Arrays and Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

10.11.10How to Change the Tag Name s of the Elements of a SOAP Array or List 142

10.12Base64Binary XML Schema Type Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

10.13hexBinary XML Schema Type Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

10.14Literal XML Encoding Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

10.14.1 Serializing and Deserializing Mixed Content XML With Strings . . . . . . 147

11 SOAP Fault Processing 149

12 SOAP Header Processing 151

13 MIME Attachments 153

13.1 Sending a Collection of MIME Attachments (SwA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

13.2 Retrieving a Collection of MIME Attachments (SwA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

14 DIME Attachments 157

14.1 Sending a Collection of DIME Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

14.2 Retrieving a Collection of DIME Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

14.3 Serializing Binary Data in DIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

14.4 Streaming DIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

14.5 Streaming Chunked DIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

14.6 WSDL Bindings for DIME Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

15 MTOM Attachments 165

15.1 Generating MultipartRelated MIME Attachment Bindings in WSDL . . . . . . . 167

15.2 Sending and Receiving MTOM Attachments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

15.3 Streaming MTOM/MIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169

15.4 Redirecting Inbound MTOM/MIME Streams Based on SOAP Body Content . . 173

15.5 Streaming Chunked MTOM/MIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

16 XML Validation 175

16.1 Occurrence Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

16.1.1 Elements with minOccurs and maxOccurs Res trictions . . . . . . . . . . . 175

16.1.2 Required and Prohibited Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

16.1.3 Data Length Restrictions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

16.2 Other Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

17 SOAP-over-UDP 178

17.1 Using WS-Addressing with SOAP-over-UDP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

17.2 Client-side One-way Unicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

17.3 Client-side One-way Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

17.4 Client-side Request-Response Unicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

17.5 Client-side Request-Response Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181

17.6 SOAP-over-UDP Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

18 Advanced Features 184

18.1 Internationalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

18.2 Customizing the WSDL and Namespace Mapping Table File Contents With

gSOAP Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

18.2.1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

18.3 Transient Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191

18.4 Volatile Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

18.5 How to Declare User-Deﬁned Serializers and Deserializers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193

18.6 How to Serialize Data Without Generating XSD Type Attributes . . . . . . . . . 195

18.7 Function C allbacks for Customized I/O and HTTP Handling . . . . . . . . . . . 195

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谢谢了，但是还是有点看不太懂，实际编程例子有就更好

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