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工作流管理联盟工作流标准-工作流协作(接口4)(en).pdf
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Workflow Management Coalition
Reference Model
Interface 4
Workflow Interoperability
The key to E-Commerce and to process scalability
Many businesses and IT communities have profited from the power of
redesigned business processes that leverage workflow and document
management technologies to automate and empower their workforce.
Organisations are now faced with the opportunity of creating an extended
enterprise network environment of users across multiple IT environments to
manage business processes across a whole enterprise, as well as across
multiple organisations.
To provide such a valuable service across heterogeneous systems requires
standards. The Workflow
Management Coalition has
deployed some of the finest
authorities in this specialist field to
work on this topic, and the result is
the WfMC Workflow
Interoperability Definition. The
WfMC first defined a Workflow
Reference model with five
Interfaces. Then teams were
assigned to each. Interface 4
describes the method of passing a workflow activity from one workflow
engine to another.
WfMC Interface 4 is a milestone publication depicting the importance of
standards for mission-critical E-Commerce and E-Business applications. When
Process Definition Tools
External Applications
Invoked by
Workflow Instance
Administration
& Monitoring
Tools
Interface 5
Interface 1
Interface 4
Work
Flow
Engin
es
Work
Flow
Engines
Other Work Flow
Enactment Services
Interface 3
Work
Flow
Engines
Work Flow API and Interchange Formats
Work Flow Enactment Service
Work Flow
Engines
WfMC
Workflow Referance Model
Components and Interfaces
implemented together with document management standards, this definition
enables organisations to co-ordinate work between distributed groups of
employees, share work with business partners (suppliers and customers), and
share in the control of the entire process.
Organisations will now be able to pass workflow items to external workflow
systems owned and managed by commercial partners. This is the facility
which organisations have been waiting for, in order to establish meaningful
supply chains across networks. Thus a major car manufacturer can pass an
incomplete workflow process to a supplier who will accept the message as an
event which commences their part of the process. It is anticipated that
chains involving many participants will be established. Members of the WfMC
see that process-centric workflow engines will be the basis for the next
generation for electronic commerce, and believe that it will replace many EDI
activities.
E-commerce based on workflow engines, provides: -
Ø Inter-Organisation business process automation
Ø Low cost secure messaging facilities to enhance all aspects of
commercial activity that can be automated.
Ø Business to business work process management
Ø Parallel processing of multi-participant commercial activities
Ø Basic services to facilitate outsourcing
Ø Support for the macro economic trend towards global manufacturing
and trading
Business Rationale
The business rationale for Interface 4 is very persuasive:-
Vendor
Independence
There are probably hundreds of workflow software
authors and the present range of workflow products meet
almost any need with varying efficiency, because of the
different approaches that have been taken. Buyers of
this technology are looking to get the best product for
their particular needs on a departmental basis. WfMC
I/F4 will enable customers to buy ‘best of breed’ products
for each major application area, knowing these products
will inter-operate.
Scalability Conformance to WfMC I/F4 will enable one workflow engine
to pass work to another.
This has important implications for scalability. A system
might be set up to achieve the current transaction rate; but
then, after some time, the volume of transactions might
increase beyond expectations. It will be a relatively simple
task to install another workflow engine onto another
machine to meet new demands.
Alternatively, a workflow definition might include some very
complex steps that involve heavy processing. It will now be
possible to hand off those steps to another engine that will
increase the overall efficiency substantially.
As systems become larger and applications become
complex, processing capacity restrictions can impact
performance. Workflow interoperability enables a system
designer to identify transaction intensive work and pass it
off to a separate engine running on a networked CPU.
Distributed processing, an established computing facility
is now available for workflow engines
Speeds
Implementation
Users can now build part of their overall system and place
it into production, normally enjoying immediate cost and
performance benefits.
Later, other phases of the workflow project can be
implemented.
Integration of
Islands of
Workflow has been deployed as a departmental solution
for many years. Companies now find that they have a
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