This README is just a fast *quick start* document. You can find more detailed documentation at http://redis.io.
What is Redis?
--------------
Redis is often referred as a *data structures* server. What this means is that Redis provides access to mutable data structures via a set of commands, which are sent using a *server-client* model with TCP sockets and a simple protocol. So different processes can query and modify the same data structures in a shared way.
Data structures implemented into Redis have a few special properties:
* Redis cares to store them on disk, even if they are always served and modified into the server memory. This means that Redis is fast, but that is also non-volatile.
* Implementation of data structures stress on memory efficiency, so data structures inside Redis will likely use less memory compared to the same data structure modeled using an high level programming language.
* Redis offers a number of features that are natural to find in a database, like replication, tunable levels of durability, cluster, high availability.
Another good example is to think of Redis as a more complex version of memcached, where the operations are not just SETs and GETs, but operations to work with complex data types like Lists, Sets, ordered data structures, and so forth.
If you want to know more, this is a list of selected starting points:
* Introduction to Redis data types. http://redis.io/topics/data-types-intro
* Try Redis directly inside your browser. http://try.redis.io
* The full list of Redis commands. http://redis.io/commands
* There is much more inside the Redis official documentation. http://redis.io/documentation
Building Redis
--------------
Redis can be compiled and used on Linux, OSX, OpenBSD, NetBSD, FreeBSD.
We support big endian and little endian architectures, and both 32 bit
and 64 bit systems.
It may compile on Solaris derived systems (for instance SmartOS) but our
support for this platform is *best effort* and Redis is not guaranteed to
work as well as in Linux, OSX, and \*BSD there.
It is as simple as:
% make
You can run a 32 bit Redis binary using:
% make 32bit
After building Redis, it is a good idea to test it using:
% make test
Fixing build problems with dependencies or cached build options
---------
Redis has some dependencies which are included into the `deps` directory.
`make` does not automatically rebuild dependencies even if something in
the source code of dependencies changes.
When you update the source code with `git pull` or when code inside the
dependencies tree is modified in any other way, make sure to use the following
command in order to really clean everything and rebuild from scratch:
make distclean
This will clean: jemalloc, lua, hiredis, linenoise.
Also if you force certain build options like 32bit target, no C compiler
optimizations (for debugging purposes), and other similar build time options,
those options are cached indefinitely until you issue a `make distclean`
command.
Fixing problems building 32 bit binaries
---------
If after building Redis with a 32 bit target you need to rebuild it
with a 64 bit target, or the other way around, you need to perform a
`make distclean` in the root directory of the Redis distribution.
In case of build errors when trying to build a 32 bit binary of Redis, try
the following steps:
* Install the packages libc6-dev-i386 (also try g++-multilib).
* Try using the following command line instead of `make 32bit`:
`make CFLAGS="-m32 -march=native" LDFLAGS="-m32"`
Allocator
---------
Selecting a non-default memory allocator when building Redis is done by setting
the `MALLOC` environment variable. Redis is compiled and linked against libc
malloc by default, with the exception of jemalloc being the default on Linux
systems. This default was picked because jemalloc has proven to have fewer
fragmentation problems than libc malloc.
To force compiling against libc malloc, use:
% make MALLOC=libc
To compile against jemalloc on Mac OS X systems, use:
% make MALLOC=jemalloc
Verbose build
-------------
Redis will build with a user friendly colorized output by default.
If you want to see a more verbose output use the following:
% make V=1
Running Redis
-------------
To run Redis with the default configuration just type:
% cd src
% ./redis-server
If you want to provide your redis.conf, you have to run it using an additional
parameter (the path of the configuration file):
% cd src
% ./redis-server /path/to/redis.conf
It is possible to alter the Redis configuration by passing parameters directly
as options using the command line. Examples:
% ./redis-server --port 9999 --slaveof 127.0.0.1 6379
% ./redis-server /etc/redis/6379.conf --loglevel debug
All the options in redis.conf are also supported as options using the command
line, with exactly the same name.
Playing with Redis
------------------
You can use redis-cli to play with Redis. Start a redis-server instance,
then in another terminal try the following:
% cd src
% ./redis-cli
redis> ping
PONG
redis> set foo bar
OK
redis> get foo
"bar"
redis> incr mycounter
(integer) 1
redis> incr mycounter
(integer) 2
redis>
You can find the list of all the available commands at http://redis.io/commands.
Installing Redis
-----------------
In order to install Redis binaries into /usr/local/bin just use:
% make install
You can use `make PREFIX=/some/other/directory install` if you wish to use a
different destination.
Make install will just install binaries in your system, but will not configure
init scripts and configuration files in the appropriate place. This is not
needed if you want just to play a bit with Redis, but if you are installing
it the proper way for a production system, we have a script doing this
for Ubuntu and Debian systems:
% cd utils
% ./install_server.sh
The script will ask you a few questions and will setup everything you need
to run Redis properly as a background daemon that will start again on
system reboots.
You'll be able to stop and start Redis using the script named
`/etc/init.d/redis_<portnumber>`, for instance `/etc/init.d/redis_6379`.
Code contributions
-----------------
Note: by contributing code to the Redis project in any form, including sending
a pull request via Github, a code fragment or patch via private email or
public discussion groups, you agree to release your code under the terms
of the BSD license that you can find in the [COPYING][1] file included in the Redis
source distribution.
Please see the [CONTRIBUTING][2] file in this source distribution for more
information.
[1]: https://github.com/antirez/redis/blob/unstable/COPYING
[2]: https://github.com/antirez/redis/blob/unstable/CONTRIBUTING
Redis internals
===
If you are reading this README you are likely in front of a Github page
or you just untarred the Redis distribution tar ball. In both the cases
you are basically one step away from the source code, so here we explain
the Redis source code layout, what is in each file as a general idea, the
most important functions and structures inside the Redis server and so forth.
We keep all the discussion at a high level without digging into the details
since this document would be huge otherwise and our code base changes
continuously, but a general idea should be a good starting point to
understand more. Moreover most of the code is heavily commented and easy
to follow.
Source code layout
---
The Redis root directory just contains this README, the Makefile which
calls the real Makefile inside the `src` directory and an example
configuration for Redis and Sentinel. You can find a few shell
scripts that are used in order to execute the Redis, Redis Cluster and
Redis Sentinel unit tests, which are implemented inside the `tests`
directory.
Inside the root are the following important directories:
* `src`: contains the Redis implementati
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redis-4.0.1 安装包 (598个子文件)
00-RELEASENOTES 125KB
lua.1 4KB
luac.1 4KB
jemalloc.3 66KB
configure.ac 55KB
luavs.bat 1KB
BUGS 53B
cluster.c 212KB
sentinel.c 166KB
module.c 151KB
server.c 149KB
replication.c 107KB
quicklist.c 98KB
t_zset.c 98KB
arena.c 93KB
config.c 91KB
redis-cli.c 90KB
SFMT.c 86KB
scripting.c 85KB
networking.c 74KB
rdb.c 73KB
ziplist.c 69KB
rax.c 65KB
jemalloc.c 63KB
aof.c 61KB
ctl.c 56KB
hyperloglog.c 56KB
prof.c 49KB
db.c 48KB
debug.c 45KB
object.c 41KB
lua_cjson.c 41KB
bitops.c 41KB
dict.c 40KB
sds.c 39KB
sds.c 39KB
linenoise.c 38KB
t_set.c 38KB
lparser.c 36KB
t_list.c 33KB
lua_cmsgpack.c 30KB
geo.c 29KB
redis-benchmark.c 29KB
hiredis.c 29KB
test.c 28KB
t_hash.c 26KB
latency.c 26KB
util.c 25KB
helloworld.c 24KB
evict.c 24KB
lstrlib.c 23KB
lvm.c 23KB
async.c 23KB
defrag.c 22KB
lapi.c 22KB
sort.c 22KB
chunk.c 21KB
lcode.c 21KB
anet.c 20KB
SFMT.c 20KB
expire.c 20KB
stats.c 20KB
lgc.c 20KB
loadlib.c 19KB
mallctl.c 19KB
math.c 18KB
lauxlib.c 17KB
lbaselib.c 17KB
zipmap.c 16KB
ldebug.c 16KB
intset.c 16KB
ltable.c 16KB
ae.c 16KB
t_string.c 15KB
net.c 15KB
ldo.c 15KB
read.c 14KB
ckh.c 14KB
stats.c 14KB
util.c 14KB
siphash.c 14KB
redis-check-rdb.c 14KB
liolib.c 13KB
memtest.c 13KB
tcache.c 13KB
pubsub.c 13KB
zmalloc.c 12KB
llex.c 12KB
rio.c 12KB
multi.c 12KB
xallocx.c 12KB
huge.c 11KB
lua_struct.c 11KB
ae_evport.c 11KB
bio.c 11KB
crc64.c 10KB
dict.c 10KB
adlist.c 10KB
hellotype.c 10KB
lua.c 10KB
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