%% Three-Phase Core-Type Transformer
%
% This example shows the use of the Three-Phase Transformer Inductance
% Matrix Type block to model a three-phase core-type saturable transformer.
% It also shows that using three single-phase transformers to simulate
% a Yg/Yg core-type transformer is not acceptable.
%
% Gilbert Sybille (Hydro-Quebec, IREQ)
%
% Copyright 1997-2012 Hydro-Quebec, and The MathWorks, Inc.
%%
open_system('power_Transfo3phCoreType')
%% Description
%
% The model shows two identical circuits with a three-phase transformer rated 225 kVA, 2400 V/600V, 60Hz, connected to a 1 MVA, 2400 V power network.
% A 45 kW resistive load (20 % of transformer nominal power) is connected
% on the 600 V side. Each phase of the transformer consists of two windings both connected in wye with a grounded neutral.
%
% The transformers in circuit 1 and circuit 2 use two different models:
%
% 1) Circuit 1 uses a *physical model* (yellow block) where the core geometry and the B-H characteristic of the iron used
% to build the core are the basic parameters used for modelling the magnetic properties of the transformer.
%
% 2) Circuit 2 uses the *Three-Phase Transformer Inductance Matrix Type (Two Windings)* block (blue block)
% for modelling the linear part of the model. Saturation is modelled in the "Saturation" subsystem (cyan block)
% by three single-phase saturable transformers connected on the primary side of the linear transformer model.
%
% In order to minimize the quantity of iron, the transformer core uses the core-type construction.
% Contrary to a three-phase transformer built with three independent units,
% the three phases of a core-type transformer are coupled.
% Because of these couplings, the transformer reactances in positive- and zero-sequence are quite different.
% When the three voltages applied on primary side are balanced, (positive-sequence voltage) the fluxes set up in each limb
% are also balanced and they stay trapped inside the magnetic core.
% However, when the voltage source or the load is unbalanced, a zero-sequence voltage is added to the
% positive- and negative sequences voltages.
% This zero-sequence voltage produces three flux components in phase in each limb, resulting in a zero-sequence flux component
% which has to circulate outside the iron core, through the air and transformer tank or casing.
% Due to the high reluctance (low permeability) of the flux return path through the air, the zero-sequence no-load excitation current is much higher
% than in positive sequence. For this particular model, zero-sequence excitation current exceeds 3 times the nominal current (344 %),
% as compared to only 2.2 % in positive sequence. Excitation current, no load active losses and short-circuit impedance R+j*X
% (where R=winding resistance, X=leakage reactance) have been measured for the physical model of circuit 1.
% Results are shown in the table below.
%
% positive-sequence zero-sequence
% ------------------ -------------------
% No-load excitation current
% (% of nominal current) 2.28 % 353 %
%
% No load active power losses
% (winding losses + iron losses)
% (% of nominal power) 2.0 % 14.0 %
%
% Short-circuit impedance
% R+jX (pu) 0.02 + j*0.10 pu 0.0168 + j*0.0914 pu
%
% Note :
% You can verify these values by using the "Sequence Measurements" block provided in the model. Specify either "Positive " or "Zero"
% sequence in the block menu. To perform the no-load measurements you must
% disconnect the load and use an infinite voltage source (source impedance bypassed), either in positive-sequence
% or a zero-sequence. In order to apply a zero-sequence voltage
% connect all three terminals of B1 measurement block to the same A terminal of the source.
% Also, in order to initialize fluxes in zero-sequence, specify the following
% vector of *Voltages for flux initialization* in the block menu:
%
% [VmagA VmagB VmagC (pu) VangleA VangleB VangleC (deg)] =[ 1 1 1 0 0 0]
%
% A schematic of the core geometry specified in the physical model is shown below.
%
% L2 L2
% ===================
% || || ||
% || || ||
% A B C L1
% || || ||
% || || ||
% ====================
%
% L1 = average height of the three limbs bearing the windings (2 windings per limb) = 53 inches
% L2 = average length of the core yokes interconnecting the limbs = 21 inches
% A1=A2 = cross section of the limbs and yokes = 45.48 square inches
% Number of turns of high-voltage windings (2400/sqrt(3)= 1386 V) = 128
% Number of turns of low-voltage windings (600/sqrt(3) = 346.4 V)= 32
%
% Look under the mask of the transformer of circuit 1 to see how the electrical and magnetic circuit models are built.
% The electrical part is implemented by six controlled current sources (one source per winding).
% These current sources are driven by the magnetomotive force developed by each winding.
% The "Core" subsystem uses the electric/magnetic analogy to implement the magnetic circuit
% which consists of 7 steel elements and 7 air elements
% representing flux leakages for each of the six coils and flux zero-sequence return path.
%
% The three figures below show respectively:
%
% *1) Iron B-H characteristic*
%
openfig('power_Transfo3phCoreType_BH')
%%
% *2) Saturation characteristics* for the three phases
% (flux in pu as function of peak magnetizing current in pu) when the transformer
% is excited in positive sequence (3 balanced voltages).
% These saturation characteristics obtained in positive sequence are used
% in the three single-phase saturable transformers to model saturation of
% the core-type transformer.
%
openfig('power_Transfo3phCoreType_Sat')
%%
% Using the positive-sequence saturation characteristics to model core saturation
% gives acceptable results even in presence of zero-sequence voltages.
% This is because the magnetic circuit used for conducting zero-sequence
% flux is mainly linear due to its large air gap.
% The large zero-sequence currents required to magnetize the high reluctance air path
% are taken into account in the linear model.
% Therefore, connecting a saturable transformer outside the three-limb linear model
% with a flux-current characteristic obtained in positive sequence will produce
% currents required for magnetization of the iron core.
%
% *3) Waveforms of excitation currents* when a 1.5 pu voltage is applied
% at the 2400 V terminals.
openfig('power_Transfo3phCoreType_iexc')
%%
% Notice on Figure 2 that, because of the core asymmetry, the magnetizing current of phase B is
% lower than the current obtained for phase A and phase C.
% See for example on Figure 3 the excitation currents obtained with 1.5 pu voltage.
%% Simulation
%
% In order to emphasis the importance of a correct representation of transformer zero-sequence parameters,
% the transient performance of the Inductance Matrix Type transformer of circuit 2 is compared
% to the physical model of circuit 1 when a single-phase to ground fault is applied on phase A.
% A six-cycle fault is applied at 2400 V terminals at t=0.05 sec and cleared at t=0.15 sec.
%
% Before starting simulation, open the Three-Phase Transformer Inductance
% Matrix Type block menu. Check that the "Core type" parameter is set to
% "Three-limb or five-limb core". Now, select the "Parameters" tab and check
% that the positive- and zero-sequence parameters are set according to
% the table given in the Circuit Description section.
%
% *1. Comparison of transient performance of transformer operating in linear region*
%
% Start the simulation. Observe on Scope1 and Scope2 respectively for
% circuit 1 and circuit 2 the following waveforms at 2400 V terminals:
% three-phase vo
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200个SIMULINK电力电子仿真模型打包下载.zip (274个子文件)
psbPSSfault.fig 203KB
psbPSSbode.fig 141KB
power_Transfo3phCoreType_iexc.fig 133KB
psbPSSstep.fig 113KB
filters_impedance.fig 57KB
power_Transfo3phCoreType_Sat.fig 13KB
power_Transfo3phCoreType_BH.fig 6KB
im1.jpg 119KB
im4.jpg 90KB
im5.jpg 86KB
im2.jpg 71KB
im3.jpg 62KB
power_Transfo3phCoreType.m 11KB
power_PSS.m 9KB
power_microturbineDT.m 7KB
power_SLmodeling_data.m 6KB
power_3level.m 6KB
power_48pulsegtoconverter.m 6KB
power_3levelVSC.m 5KB
power_hvdc.m 5KB
power_circ2ss.m 5KB
power_3phlinereclose.m 5KB
power_switchinglosses.m 5KB
power_SwitchedReluctanceMotor.m 5KB
power_transfohyst.m 5KB
power_regulset.m 4KB
power_3phseriescomp.m 4KB
power_acdrive.m 4KB
power_svpwm.m 4KB
power_transient.m 4KB
TransfoSat3limb_BH2Sat.m 4KB
power_3phPWM3level.m 4KB
power_loadshed.m 4KB
power_machines.m 4KB
Contents.m 4KB
power_dynamicload.m 4KB
power_thermal.m 3KB
power_singlephaseASM.m 3KB
power_SLmodeling.m 3KB
power_ctsat.m 3KB
power_compensated.m 3KB
power_SM_exciter.m 3KB
power_transfosat.m 3KB
power_harmonicfilter.m 3KB
power_1phPWM_IGBT.m 3KB
power_1phPWM.m 3KB
power_bridges.m 3KB
power_svpwm_multiPhasesLevel.m 3KB
power_flickermeter.m 3KB
power_turbine.m 3KB
power_3phPWM.m 3KB
power_reguldelta.m 3KB
power_active_filter.m 2KB
power_monophaseline.m 2KB
power_arcmodels.m 2KB
power_2rectifiers.m 2KB
power_SSCmodeling.m 2KB
power_asm_sat.m 2KB
power_regulator.m 2KB
power_LFnetwork_29bus.m 2KB
power_dcdrive_disc.m 2KB
power_3phpll.m 2KB
power_cable_data.m 2KB
power_pwm.m 2KB
power_zener.m 2KB
power_3phsignalseq.m 2KB
power_steppermotor.m 2KB
power_converter.m 2KB
power_surgnetwork.m 2KB
power_dcdrive.m 2KB
power_FullWaveRectifier.m 2KB
power_smstarting.m 2KB
power_rectifier.m 2KB
power_5phpmmotor.m 2KB
power_Hbridge.m 2KB
power_brushlessDCmotor.m 2KB
power_regulzero.m 2KB
power_SM_exciter_SSC.m 2KB
power_three_phase_matrix_converter.m 2KB
power_asm1ph_auxcontrol.m 2KB
power_LFnetwork_5bus.m 2KB
power_1phdynamicload.m 2KB
power_3phsignaldq.m 2KB
power_cycloconverter.m 2KB
power_filter.m 2KB
power_fivecells.m 2KB
power_6phsyncmachine.m 2KB
power_switching.m 2KB
power_pmmotor.m 1KB
power_asm1ph_vectorcontrol.m 1KB
power_BipolarPWMGenerator.m 1KB
power_transfo.m 1KB
power_triphaseline.m 1KB
power_buckconv.m 1KB
power_sfavg.m 1KB
power_mosconv.m 1005B
power_switching_power_supply.m 964B
power_filterbode.m 881B
power_breaker.m 807B
power_cable.m 655B
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