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<h1>NTFS - Glossary</h1>
<h2>Overview</h2>
<big>
<a href="#a" accesskey="a">A</a> <a href="#b" accesskey="b">B</a>
<a href="#c" accesskey="c">C</a> <a href="#d" accesskey="d">D</a>
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<a href="#y" accesskey="y">Y</a> <a href="#z" accesskey="z">Z</a>
</big>
<p>
This is a glossary of all terms.
Some entries refer to other entries, e.g. <q>See also</q>.
Some entries have an entire page of their own, e.g. <q>More...</q>
If your browser supports access keys, then you can jump around this
document by using, for example, Alt-M for the M section.
</p>
<dl>
<dd><a name="a"></a></dd>
<dt>. <a href="#dot">(See Dot, Root Directory)</a></dt>
<dd><a name="ace"></a></dd>
<dt>Access Control Entry (ACE)</dt>
<dd>
An Access Control Entry is the smallest unit of security.
It contains a SID (either a user or a group) and permissions information.
The permission will be one of <q>Access Allowed</q>, <q>Access Denied</q>
or <q>System Audit</q>. This object has flags to determine how the
permissions should be inherited.
<br>See also:
<a href="#sid">SID</a>,
<a href="#acl">ACL</a> and
<a href="#audit">Auditing</a>
</dd>
<dd><a name="acl"></a></dd>
<dt>Access Control List (ACL)</dt>
<dd>
This security structure contains a list of ACEs.
<br>See also:
<a href="#security_descriptor">$SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR</a>,
<a href="#sid">SID</a>,
<a href="#acl">ACL</a> and
<a href="#audit">Auditing</a>
</dd>
<dt>ACE <a href="#ace">(See Access Control Entry)</a></dt>
<dt>ACL <a href="#acl">(See Access Control List)</a></dt>
<dd><a name="attrdef"></a></dd>
<dt>$AttrDef <a href="../files/attrdef.html">(More...) </a></dt>
<dd>
This <a href="#metadata">metadata</a> file contains the definitions
of all the <a href="#attribute">attributes</a> that are allowed on an
NTFS <a href="#volume">volume</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="attribute"></a></dd>
<dt>Attribute</dt>
<dd>
on disk a file is stored as a set of attributes
resident / non res
</dd>
<dd><a name="attribute_list"></a></dd>
<dt>$ATTRIBUTE_LIST <a href="../attributes/attribute_list.html">(More...) </a></dt>
<dd>
This <a href="#attribute">attribute</a> is used when a file's
attributes won't fit in a single MFT File Record. It has a list
of all the attributes and where they can be found. The $ATTRIBUTE_LIST
is always stored in the Base FILE Record.
<br>See also:
<a href="#file_record">File Record</a>
<a href="#mft">$MFT</a>
<a href="#base_file_record">Base FILE Record</a>
</dd>
<dd><a name="audit"></a></dd>
<dt>Audit, Auditing</dt>
<dd>
As part of the security permissions of a file,
any actions performed on the file can be recorded.
For example a file could be required to log all the people who tried
to read it, but didn't have the permissions to do so.
</dd>
</dl>
<hr>
<dl>
<dd><a name="b"></a></dd>
<dd><a name="b+_tree"></a></dd>
<dt>B+ Tree</dt>
<dd>
A B+ tree is a variant of the binary tree.
Instead of one data element per node, there are many.
(In NTFS the actual number depends on the lengths of
the names and the cluster size). The B+ tree retains
the efficiency of a binary tree and also performs well
with large numbers of data elements (because the tree tends
to grow wide rather than deep).
<br>See also:
<a href="#binary_tree">Binary Tree</a> and
<a href="#balanced_tree">Balanced Tree</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="baad"></a></dd>
<dt>BAAD</dt>
<dd>
During chkdsk, if NTFS finds a multi-sector item (MFT, INDEX BLOCK, etc)
where the multi-sector header doesn't match the values at the end of the
sector, it marks the item with the magic number 'BAAD', and fill it with zeroes
(except for a short at the end of each sector...)
<pre>
FIXME
"BAAD" == corrupt record
"CHKD" == chkdsk ???
"FILE" == mft entry
"HOLE" == ??? (NTFS 3.0+?)
"INDX" == index buffer
RSTR & ???
</pre>
<br>See also:
<a href="#chkdsk">chkdsk</a> and
<a href="#fsck">fsck</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="bad"></a></dd>
<dt>$Bad</dt>
<dd>
This is the named Data Stream representing bad clusters on a volume.
<br>See also:
<a href="#badclus">$BadClus</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="badclus"></a></dd>
<dt>$BadClus <a href="../files/badclus.html">(More...) </a></dt>
<dd>
This <a href="#metadata">metadata</a> file lists all the unreadable
<a href="#cluster">clusters</a> on the <a href="#volume">volume</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="balanced_tree"></a></dd>
<dt>Balanced Tree</dt>
<dd>
Often binary trees can become very uneven. By reorganising
the data, the tree can be balanced such that no a node has
similar numbers of children to it's left and right.
<br>See also:
<a href="#b+_tree">B+ Tree</a> and
<a href="#binary_tree">Binary Tree</a>.
</dd>
<dd><a name="base_file_record"></a></dd>
<dt>Base FILE Record</dt>
<dd>
If the attributes don't fit into a single MFT record
then the Base FILE Record holds enough information to
locate the other records.
NTFS系统详解
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