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Interlaken

Protocol Definition

A Joint Specification of Cortina Systems and Cisco Systems

Revision 1.2

October 7, 2008

Proprietary Material

This document contains information proprietary to Cortina Systems Incorporated and Cisco Systems

Incorporated. Any use or disclosure, in whole or in part, of this information to any third or unauthorized

party, for any purposes other than that for which it is provided is expressly prohibited except as authorized

by Cortina Systems or Cisco Systems in writing. This document is protected under American, Canadian,

and foreign copyright legislation which provides civil and criminal penalties for copying or distribution

without the authorization of Cortina Systems Incorporated or Cisco Systems Incorporated.

USE OF THIS SPECIFICATION IS SUBJECT TO THE LICENSE TERMS SET FORTH ON THE

FOLLOWING PAGE.

Interlaken

Protocol Definition

Revision 1.2

October 7, 2008

Legal Disclaimers

Terms and Conditions

Cortina Systems, Inc. (“Cortina”) and Cisco Systems, Inc. (“Cisco”) (collectively, Cortina and Cisco, “We” or “Our”) desire

to encourage widespread adoption and use of the Interlaken Protocol Definition set forth in the following pages (the

“Specification”). Accordingly, Cortina and Cisco are willing to grant you a license to use the Specification, at no charge,

subject to your agreement and compliance with the following terms and conditions. PLEASE READ THESE TERMS

AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY.

Cortina and Cisco grant you a non-exclusive, royalty-free, worldwide, perpetual license to create modifications,

adaptations, translations and derivative works based on the Specification (collectively, “Modifications”), to develop

products and systems implementing the Specification or implementing such Modifications, to make, use and sell all such

products and systems, and to make copies of the Specification as necessary to exercise the foregoing rights. Cortina and

Cisco reserve all rights not expressly granted above. For sake of clarity, no right is granted to disclose or distribute copies

of this Specification to any third party. You may not disclose or distribute the Specification, unless you receive the express

prior written consent of either Cortina or Cisco.

You agree to include a copyright notice on all complete and partial copies of the Specification as follows:

Specification, you agree to include a notice identifying which portions of the Specifications have been modified or added

by you.

In the event that you claim any intellectual property rights that are embodied in, or practiced by, any portion of the

Specification (your “Related Rights”), you must agree not to enforce those intellectual property rights against Cortina,

Cisco, or any licensee of the Specification, or else we are unwilling to grant you the license stated above. You hereby

grant to Cortina, Cisco and all licensees of the Specification an unlimited, non-exclusive, royalty-free, worldwide,

perpetual license under all of your Related Rights.

YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE SPECIFICATION IS LICENSED TO YOU ON AN “AS IS” BASIS, W ITHOUT

WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. FOR SAKE OF CLARITY, CORTINA AND CISCO DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL

WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE SPECIFICATION, INCLUDING W ITHOUT

LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES,

TITLE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.

IN NO EVENT WILL CORTINA OR CISCO BE LIABLE TO YOU OR TO ANY THIRD PARTY FOR ANY INDIRECT,

INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION W ITH THE SPECIFICATION, AND IN NO EVENT

WILL THE CUMULATIVE LIABILITY OF EACH OF CORTINA AND CISCO FOR ANY AND ALL CLAIMS IN

CONNECTION WITH THE SPECIFICATION EXCEED, IN AGGREGATE, ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS (U.S. $100.00).

YOU AGREE THAT THIS PARAGRAPH IS AN ESSENTIAL BASIS OF THE RIGHTS GRANTED TO YOU ABOVE, AND

THAT WE ARE UNWILLING TO GRANT YOU A LICENSE IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THIS PROVISION.

By using the Specification in any manner, you are agreeing to these terms and conditions. If you do not agree to these

terms and conditions, We do not grant you a license and you have no right to use the Specification, in which event your

use of this Specification would be in violation of Cortina’s and Cisco’s intellectual property rights.

Page 2Interlaken

Proprietary Material - © Cortina Systems Inc. and Cisco Systems, Inc. 2006−2008

Page 3

Proprietary Material - © Cortina Systems Inc. and Cisco Systems, Inc. 2006−2008

Interlaken

Protocol Definition

Revision 1.2

October 7, 2008

Contents

1.0 Revision History ............................................................................................................................ 6

1.1 Clarifications to Revision 1.1 ................................................................................................ 6

1.2 Changes to Revision 1.0....................................................................................................... 6

2.0 Definitions and Key Variables ...................................................................................................... 8

3.0 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 9

4.0 Applications ................................................................................................................................. 10

5.0 Interlaken Protocol ...................................................................................................................... 11

5.1 Fundamentals..................................................................................................................... 11

5.2 Basic Concepts................................................................................................................... 11

5.3 Protocol Layer..................................................................................................................... 12

5.3.1 Transmission Format ............................................................................................. 12

5.3.2 Burst Structure....................................................................................................... 13

5.3.2.1 Data Transmission Procedure ............................................................... 13

5.3.2.1.1 Optional Scheduling Enhancement..................................... 14

5.3.2.2 Control Word Format ............................................................................. 15

5.3.3 State Diagrams ...................................................................................................... 18

5.3.4 Flow Control........................................................................................................... 22

5.3.4.1 Protocol.................................................................................................. 22

5.3.4.2 Out-of-Band Flow Control ...................................................................... 23

5.3.4.2.1 Out-of-Band Flow Control Interface Timing......................... 24

5.3.4.3 In-Band Flow Control ............................................................................. 24

5.3.4.4 Full-Packet Mode Flow Control.............................................................. 25

5.3.4.5 Flow Control Extension .......................................................................... 25

5.4 Framing Layer..................................................................................................................... 26

5.4.1 Overview................................................................................................................ 26

5.4.2 64B/67B Encoding ................................................................................................. 26

5.4.3 Meta Frame ........................................................................................................... 29

5.4.4 Synchronous Scrambler ........................................................................................ 30

5.4.5 Lane Alignment...................................................................................................... 32

5.4.6 Lane Diagnostics ................................................................................................... 33

5.4.7 Clock Compensation.............................................................................................. 33

5.4.8 Overhead ............................................................................................................... 35

5.4.9 Skew Budget.......................................................................................................... 36

5.4.10 Rate Matching........................................................................................................ 36

5.4.11 Error Conditions..................................................................................................... 38

5.4.11.1 The Receive SerDes Loses Lock........................................................... 38

5.4.11.2 The Receive Logic Loses Word Boundary Sync.................................... 39

5.4.11.3 Bad Scrambler State.............................................................................. 39

5.4.11.4 Lane Alignment Fails ............................................................................. 39

5.4.11.5 Burst CRC24 Errors ............................................................................... 39

5.4.11.6 Flow Control Errors ................................................................................ 39

5.4.11.7 Unknown Control Word Types ............................................................... 40

5.4.11.8 Bad 64B/67B Codewords....................................................................... 40

5.4.11.9 Diagnostic CRC32 Errors....................................................................... 40

5.4.12 Lane Resiliency ..................................................................................................... 40

5.5 Electrical Specifications ...................................................................................................... 40

5.6 Recommended Statistics .................................................................................................... 40

5.7 Test Patterns ...................................................................................................................... 41

Page 4

Proprietary Material - © Cortina Systems Inc. and Cisco Systems, Inc. 2006−2008

Interlaken

Protocol Definition

Revision 1.2

October 7, 2008

Figures

5.8 Latency Considerations ...................................................................................................... 43

5.9 Performance ....................................................................................................................... 44

6.0 Bibliography................................................................................................................................. 45

A Status Messaging ........................................................................................................................ 46

B CRC and Scrambler Calculation Details.................................................................................... 48

C Interoperability Checklist............................................................................................................ 51

Figures

1 XAUI Versus SPI4.2 Interfaces ....................................................................................................... 9

2 Framer/MAC to NPU/L2 or L3 Switch............................................................................................ 10

3 Framer/MAC to NPU/L2 or L3 Switch............................................................................................ 10

4 Lane Striping Example .................................................................................................................. 12

5 Word Formats................................................................................................................................ 13

6 BurstShort Guarantee Illustration .................................................................................................. 14

7 Control Word Format..................................................................................................................... 16

8 Receive Per-Lane State ................................................................................................................ 19

9 Receive Interface State ................................................................................................................. 20

10 Transmit Interface State ................................................................................................................ 21

11 Out-of-Band Logical Timing Diagram ............................................................................................23

12 Out-of-Band Flow Control Timing Diagram ................................................................................... 24

13 64B/67B Word Boundary Lock ...................................................................................................... 28

14 Meta Frame Structure (Per Lane).................................................................................................. 29

15 Synchronization and Scrambler State Words................................................................................ 30

16 Scrambler Synchronization State Diagram.................................................................................... 31

17 Interlaken Lane Alignment Segmentation (4-Lane Example)........................................................ 32

18 Diagnostic Word ............................................................................................................................ 33

19 CRC32 Calculation Illustration....................................................................................................... 33

20 Clock Compensation Procedure.................................................................................................... 34

21 Skip Word Format.......................................................................................................................... 35

22 Rate Matching Scenarios .............................................................................................................. 37

23 Device Reference .......................................................................................................................... 38

24 Test Pattern Architecture............................................................................................................... 42

25 Latency Illustration......................................................................................................................... 43

26 Status Message Format ................................................................................................................ 46

27 Out-of-Band Status Message ........................................................................................................ 47

Page 5

Interlaken

Protocol Definition

Revision 1.2

October 7, 2008

Tables

1 Idle/Burst Control Word Format..................................................................................................... 17

2 Out-of-Band Flow Control Interface Timing................................................................................... 24

3 Overview of Framing Layer ........................................................................................................... 26

4 Inversion Bit 66.............................................................................................................................. 27

5 Sync Bits Encoding........................................................................................................................ 27

6 Meta Frame Control Word Block Types ........................................................................................ 29

7 Skew Budget ................................................................................................................................. 36

8 Rate Matching Parameters............................................................................................................ 38

9 Statistics ........................................................................................................................................ 40

10 PRBS Polynomials ........................................................................................................................ 41

11 Latency Parameters ...................................................................................................................... 43

12 Efficiency Analysis......................................................................................................................... 44

13 Interoperability Checklist ............................................................................................................... 51