RFC3775(中文)IPv6中的移动性支持资源-CSDN文库

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MIPv6

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Network Working Group D. Johnson

Request for Comments: 3775 Rice University

Category: Standards Track C. Perkins

Nokia Research Center

J. Arkko

Ericsson

June 2004

Mobility Support in IPv6

Status of this Memo

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the

Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for

improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet

Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state

and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.

Abstract

This document specifies a protocol which allows nodes to remain

reachable while moving around in the IPv6 Internet. Each mobile node

is always identified by its home address, regardless of its current

point of attachment to the Internet. While situated away from its

home, a mobile node is also associated with a care-of address, which

provides information about the mobile node’s current location. IPv6

packets addressed to a mobile node’s home address are transparently

routed to its care-of address. The protocol enables IPv6 nodes to

cache the binding of a mobile node’s home address with its care-of

address, and to then send any packets destined for the mobile node

directly to it at this care-of address. To support this operation,

Mobile IPv6 defines a new IPv6 protocol and a new destination option.

All IPv6 nodes, whether mobile or stationary, can communicate with

mobile nodes.

Johnson, et al. Standard Track [Page 1]

RFC 3775 Mobility Support in IPv6 June 2004

Table of Contents

1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2. Comparison with Mobile IP for IPv4 . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3. Terminology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.1. General Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.2. Mobile IPv6 Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4. Overview of Mobile IPv6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.1. Basic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4.2. New IPv6 Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4.3. New IPv6 Destination Option . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.4. New IPv6 ICMP Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.5. Conceptual Data Structure Terminology . . . . . . . 17

4.6. Site-Local Addressability . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5. Overview of Mobile IPv6 Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.1. Binding Updates to Home Agents. . . . . . . . . . . 18

5.2. Binding Updates to Correspondent Nodes. . . . . . . 20

5.2.1. Node Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.2.2. Nonces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

5.2.3. Cookies and Tokens. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5.2.4. Cryptographic Functions . . . . . . . . . . 22

5.2.5. Return Routability Procedure. . . . . . . . 22

5.2.6. Authorizing Binding Management Messages . . 27

5.2.7. Updating Node Keys and Nonces . . . . . . . 29

5.2.8. Preventing Replay Attacks . . . . . . . . . 30

5.3. Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery. . . . . . . . 30

5.4. Mobile Prefix Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

5.5. Payload Packets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

6. New IPv6 Protocol, Message Types, and Destination Option . 31

6.1. Mobility Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

6.1.1. Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

6.1.2. Binding Refresh Request Message . . . . . . 34

6.1.3. Home Test Init Message. . . . . . . . . . . 35

6.1.4. Care-of Test Init Message . . . . . . . . . 36

6.1.5. Home Test Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

6.1.6. Care-of Test Message. . . . . . . . . . . . 38

6.1.7. Binding Update Message. . . . . . . . . . . 39

6.1.8. Binding Acknowledgement Message . . . . . . 42

6.1.9. Binding Error Message . . . . . . . . . . . 44

6.2. Mobility Options. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

6.2.1. Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

6.2.2. Pad1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

6.2.3. PadN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

6.2.4. Binding Refresh Advice. . . . . . . . . . . 48

6.2.5. Alternate Care-of Address . . . . . . . . . 49

6.2.6. Nonce Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

6.2.7. Binding Authorization Data. . . . . . . . . 50

6.3. Home Address Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Johnson, et al. Standard Track [Page 2]

RFC 3775 Mobility Support in IPv6 June 2004

6.4. Type 2 Routing Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

6.4.1. Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

6.5. ICMP Home Agent Address Discovery Request Message . 55

6.6. ICMP Home Agent Address Discovery Reply Message . . 56

6.7. ICMP Mobile Prefix Solicitation Message Format. . . 57

6.8. ICMP Mobile Prefix Advertisement Message Format . . 59

7. Modifications to IPv6 Neighbor Discovery . . . . . . . . . 61

7.1. Modified Router Advertisement Message Format. . . . 61

7.2. Modified Prefix Information Option Format . . . . . 62

7.3. New Advertisement Interval Option Format. . . . . . 64

7.4. New Home Agent Information Option Format. . . . . . 65

7.5. Changes to Sending Router Advertisements. . . . . . 67

8. Requirements for Types of IPv6 Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . 69

8.1. All IPv6 Nodes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

8.2. IPv6 Nodes with Support for Route Optimization. . . 69

8.3. All IPv6 Routers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

8.4. IPv6 Home Agents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

8.5. IPv6 Mobile Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

9. Correspondent Node Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

9.1. Conceptual Data Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

9.2. Processing Mobility Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

9.3. Packet Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

9.3.1. Receiving Packets with Home Address Option. 76

9.3.2. Sending Packets to a Mobile Node. . . . . . 77

9.3.3. Sending Binding Error Messages. . . . . . . 78

9.3.4. Receiving ICMP Error Messages . . . . . . . 79

9.4. Return Routability Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . 79

9.4.1. Receiving Home Test Init Messages . . . . . 80

9.4.2. Receiving Care-of Test Init Messages. . . . 80

9.4.3. Sending Home Test Messages. . . . . . . . . 80

9.4.4. Sending Care-of Test Messages . . . . . . . 81

9.5 Processing Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

9.5.1. Receiving Binding Updates . . . . . . . . . 81

9.5.2. Requests to Cache a Binding . . . . . . . . 84

9.5.3. Requests to Delete a Binding. . . . . . . . 84

9.5.4. Sending Binding Acknowledgements. . . . . . 85

9.5.5. Sending Binding Refresh Requests. . . . . . 86

9.6. Cache Replacement Policy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

10. Home Agent Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

10.1. Conceptual Data Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

10.2. Processing Mobility Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

10.3. Processing Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

10.3.1. Primary Care-of Address Registration. . . . 88

10.3.2. Primary Care-of Address De-Registration . . 92

10.4. Packet Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

10.4.1. Intercepting Packets for a Mobile Node. . . 94

10.4.2. Processing Intercepted Packets. . . . . . . 95

10.4.3. Multicast Membership Control. . . . . . . . 96

Johnson, et al. Standard Track [Page 3]

RFC 3775 Mobility Support in IPv6 June 2004

10.4.4. Stateful Address Autoconfiguration. . . . . 98

10.4.5. Handling Reverse Tunneled Packets . . . . . 98

10.4.6. Protecting Return Routability Packets . . . 99

10.5. Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery. . . . . . . . 99

10.5.1. Receiving Router Advertisement Messages . . 100

10.6. Sending Prefix Information to the Mobile Node . . . 102

10.6.1. List of Home Network Prefixes . . . . . . . 102

10.6.2. Scheduling Prefix Deliveries. . . . . . . . 102

10.6.3. Sending Advertisements. . . . . . . . . . . 104

10.6.4. Lifetimes for Changed Prefixes. . . . . . . 105

11. Mobile Node Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

11.1. Conceptual Data Structures. . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

11.2. Processing Mobility Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

11.3. Packet Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

11.3.1. Sending Packets While Away from Home. . . . 107

11.3.2. Interaction with Outbound IPsec Processing. 110

11.3.3. Receiving Packets While Away from Home. . . 112

11.3.4. Routing Multicast Packets . . . . . . . . . 114

11.3.5. Receiving ICMP Error Messages . . . . . . . 115

11.3.6. Receiving Binding Error Messages. . . . . . 116

11.4. Home Agent and Prefix Management. . . . . . . . . . 117

11.4.1. Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery. . . . 117

11.4.2. Sending Mobile Prefix Solicitations . . . . 118

11.4.3. Receiving Mobile Prefix Advertisements. . . 118

11.5. Movement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

11.5.1. Movement Detection. . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

11.5.2. Forming New Care-of Addresses . . . . . . . 122

11.5.3. Using Multiple Care-of Addresses. . . . . . 123

11.5.4. Returning Home. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

11.6. Return Routability Procedure. . . . . . . . . . . . 126

11.6.1. Sending Test Init Messages. . . . . . . . . 126

11.6.2. Receiving Test Messages . . . . . . . . . . 127

11.6.3. Protecting Return Routability Packets . . . 128

11.7. Processing Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

11.7.1. Sending Binding Updates to the Home Agent . 128

11.7.2. Correspondent Registration. . . . . . . . . 131

11.7.3. Receiving Binding Acknowledgements. . . . . 134

11.7.4. Receiving Binding Refresh Requests. . . . . 136

11.8. Retransmissions and Rate Limiting . . . . . . . . . 137

12. Protocol Constants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

13. Protocol Configuration Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

14. IANA Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

15. Security Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

15.1. Threats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

15.2. Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

15.3. Binding Updates to Home Agent . . . . . . . . . . . 145

15.4. Binding Updates to Correspondent Nodes. . . . . . . 148

15.4.1. Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Johnson, et al. Standard Track [Page 4]

RFC 3775 Mobility Support in IPv6 June 2004

15.4.2. Achieved Security Properties. . . . . . . . 149

15.4.3. Comparison to Regular IPv6 Communications . 150

15.4.4. Replay Attacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

15.4.5. Denial-of-Service Attacks . . . . . . . . . 152

15.4.6. Key Lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

15.5. Dynamic Home Agent Address Discovery. . . . . . . . 154

15.6. Mobile Prefix Discovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

15.7. Tunneling via the Home Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . 155

15.8. Home Address Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

15.9. Type 2 Routing Header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

16. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

17. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

18. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

18.1. Normative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

18.2. Informative References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Appendix A. Future Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

A.1. Piggybacking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

A.2. Triangular Routing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

A.3. New Authorization Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

A.4. Dynamically Generated Home Addresses. . . . . . . . 161

A.5. Remote Home Address Configuration . . . . . . . . . 162

A.6. Neighbor Discovery Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Authors’ Addresses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Full Copyright Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

1. Introduction

This document specifies a protocol which allows nodes to remain

reachable while moving around in the IPv6 Internet. Without specific

support for mobility in IPv6 [11], packets destined to a mobile node

would not be able to reach it while the mobile node is away from its

home link. In order to continue communication in spite of its

movement, a mobile node could change its IP address each time it

moves to a new link, but the mobile node would then not be able to

maintain transport and higher-layer connections when it changes

location. Mobility support in IPv6 is particularly important, as

mobile computers are likely to account for a majority or at least a

substantial fraction of the population of the Internet during the

lifetime of IPv6.

The protocol defined in this document, known as Mobile IPv6, allows a

mobile node to move from one link to another without changing the

mobile node’s "home address". Packets may be routed to the mobile

node using this address regardless of the mobile node’s current point

of attachment to the Internet. The mobile node may also continue to

communicate with other nodes (stationary or mobile) after moving to a

Johnson, et al. Standard Track [Page 5]

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yxl22128

2013-02-27

语言细节处理不好，适合浅学者
wh513991549

2014-08-10

标准的翻译，有时间可看看英文版
四木夕宁

2018-01-09

明明是英文的！！！
harryyoyo

2012-11-24

写的很详尽，详细解释了IPV6的移动支持处理

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