湖北汽车工业学院科技学院
毕业设计（论文）
课题名称：数字汽车仪表板信息显示系统
指导老师：
学生：
班级：
学号：12
专业：电子信息科学与技术
时间：2008年3月1日
摘要
汽车仪表板信息显示系统的改进是汽车技术革命的一项重要内容，数字仪表是将
汽车工业传统的模拟测控技术改变为现代的数字测控技术，把汽车装备的现代化和信
息化提高到一个新的高度。数字仪表板系统的一个关键技术就是它的显示技术，这就
是本课题所要研究的内容。
虚拟仪器技术是虚拟技术在仪器仪表领域中的一个重要应用，它是现代计算机技
术和仪器技术深层次结合的产物，是测试领域的一项重要技术。它突破了传统仪器的
概念，使仪器的结构和设计发生了根本的改变，有“软件就是仪器”的说法。
本课题采用虚拟仪器技术，用美国 NI 公司的图形软件 LabVIEW 设计了数字汽车
仪表板信息显示系统，此系统为虚拟仪表系统。该系统以计算机为核心，对汽车的各
种信息状态，如电压、车速等参数据进行采集、处理、显示和报警提示，驾驶员根据
报警提示的结果进行相应的处理，以使汽车安全正常行驶。在软件功能上实现了汽车
黑匣子的功能。采用基于虚拟仪器技术构建的数字仪表板信息显示系统，就是在驾驶
员前方放置一台平板显示屏，为延续传统操作习惯，将原来驾驶员仪表盘的车况数据
在显示屏上以模拟表形式和数字两种形式显示，显示屏上以图形指示灯形式指示报警。
采用虚拟仪表后，仪表的读数一目了然，可读性好，读数精度高，系统容易升级、扩
展。该系统的研制具有现实意义，但要达到实用，还待进一步改进。
关键词：数字汽车仪表；显示系统；虚拟仪器；LabVIEW
Abstract
Aut o da s hbo a r d a u to m o ti v e t e c hn o log y inf o r m a t i o n sys t em is a n im por t a nt par t of t h e
r e v o l u t i o n , i t i s t h e a u t o i n d u s t r y w i l l b e t h e t r a d i t i o n a l a n a l o g m o n i t o r i n g a n d c o n t r o l
technologies for the modern changes in the number of monitoring and control technologies,
automotive equipment and the modernization of information technology to a new height. Auto
dashboard information display system as a key technology is its display technology, which is
to study this subject by the content.
Virtual machines and technology are the virtual technology in the instrumentation in the
f i e l d o f a p p l i c a t i o n o f a n i m p o r t a n t , i t i s t h e m o d e r n c o m p u t e r t e c h n o l o g y a n d e q u i p m e n t ,
t e c h n i c a l d e p t h o f t h e p r o d u c t , t h e t e s t i s a n i m p o r t a n t a r e a o f t e c h n o l o g y . I t b r o k e t h e
t r a d i t i o n a l c o n c e p t o f t h e a p p a r a t u s , e q u i p m e n t a n d d e s i g n t h e s t r u c t u r e o f f u n d a m e n t a l
changes have taken place, "software is the apparatus".
The use of virtual instrument technology issues, with the U.S. company's graphics software
N I L a b V I E W d e s i g n o f t h e a u t o m o b i l e d a s h b o a r d d i g i t a l i n f o r m a t i o n d i s p l a y s y s t e m , t h e
s y s t e m f o r v i r t u a l i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n s y s t e m s . T h e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m a t t h e c o r e , a l l k i n d s o f
information on the status of motor vehicles, such as voltage, speed and other parameters of the
collection, processing, display and report tips, the police suggested that the driver of the results
of the corresponding address, so that normal traffic safety car. On the software functions to
achieve the functions of the automobile black box. Technology-based virtual instrument build
digital dashboard of the vehicle information display system, placed in front of the driver in a
flat-panel displays, for the continuation of the traditional habits of operation, the original pilot
dashboard of the status of data on the screen to simulate the form of tables and Figures in two
f o r m s t h a t d i s p l a y a g r a p h i c i n d i c a t o r o f t h e p o l i c e i n s t r u c t i o n s . A v i r t u a l i n s t r u m e n t , t h e
i n s t r u m e n t r e a d i n g s c l e a r, r e a d a b l e , a n d r e a d i n g a c c u r a c y, t h e s y s t e m e a s y t o u p g r a d e a n d
expansion of t he system's deve lopm ent is of practical si gnifica nce, bu t t o achie ve pra ctical,
but also to be further improved.
Keyword: Automotive instrument; Display System; virtual instrument; LabVIEW
目录
目录................................................................................................................................................................4
第一章 概述...................................................................................................................................................1
1.1课题的来源及研究内容和意义........................................................................................................1
1.1.1课题的来源............................................................................................................................1
1.1.2课题研究内容及要求............................................................................................................1
1.1.3课题研究的意义....................................................................................................................1
1.2汽车仪表发展状况的概述...............................................................................................................2
1.2.1 汽车仪表的发展历程...........................................................................................................2
1.2.2国内外汽车仪表的现状.........................................................................................................2
1.2.3汽车仪表的发展趋势............................................................................................................2
1.3 本章小结..........................................................................................................................................3
第二章 虚拟仪器技术的基本理论...............................................................................................................5
2.1仪器技术的演化与发展历程...........................................................................................................5
2.2虚拟仪器的概述...............................................................................................................................5
2.2.1 虚拟仪器的概念...................................................................................................................6
2.2.2虚拟仪器的特点....................................................................................................................6
2.2.3虚拟仪器VS传统仪器...........................................................................................................7
2.3虚拟仪器技术的理论.......................................................................................................................7
2.3.1 虚拟仪器系统的构成...........................................................................................................7
2.3.2虚拟仪器的软面板设计准则.................................................................................................8
2.3.3确定编程语言编写虚拟仪器的软件部分.............................................................................8
2.4本章小结...........................................................................................................................................9
第三章 数字汽车仪表信息显示系统的设计原则及基本组成..................................................................10
3.1 设计原则........................................................................................................................................10
3.2表盘信息显示.................................................................................................................................10
3.2.1 车速表.................................................................................................................................10
3.2.2 里程表.................................................................................................................................11
3.2.3 发动机转速表......................................................................................................................11
3.2.4 水温表.................................................................................................................................11
3.2.5油压表..................................................................................................................................11
3.2.6 车速报警.............................................................................................................................11
3.2.7油压报警..............................................................................................................................11
3.2.8 水温报警.............................................................................................................................12
3.3本章小结.........................................................................................................................................12
第四章 基于LabVIEW的试验平台介绍.....................................................................................................13
4.1 软件开发语言LabVIEW的简介....................................................................................................13
4.2 G语言（图形化语言）的编程特点..............................................................................................13
4.3 G语言的程序开发环境..................................................................................................................13
4.4 LabVIEW的控件选板、函数选板和工具选板............................................................................14
4.5 LabVIEW的帮助系统....................................................................................................................17
4.6本章小结.........................................................................................................................................18
第五章 数字汽车仪表信息显示系统的软件实现.....................................................................................19
5.1数字汽车仪表信息显示系统软件的总体框架和主界面..............................................................19
5.1.1 总体框架.............................................................................................................................19
5.1.2主界面..................................................................................................................................19
5.2车速和里程显示系统的软件实现..................................................................................................20
5.2.1车速和里程显示系统程序流程图.......................................................................................20
5.2.2车速和里程系统各种情况下显示.......................................................................................21
5.3.1油压显示程序流程图.........................................................................................................25
5.4 水温显示的软件实现....................................................................................................................27
5.4.1 水温显示程序流程图.........................................................................................................28
......................................................................................................................................................28
5.3.2 水温正常情况下的显示......................................................................................................28
5.5 发动机转速显示系统的软件实现.................................................................................................31
5.5.1 发动机转速显示程序流程图..............................................................................................31
5.6时间显示系统的软件实现.............................................................................................................33
5.7 本章小结........................................................................................................................................33
第六章 总结.................................................................................................................................................35
结束语..........................................................................................................................................................36
致谢..............................................................................................................................................................37
参考文献......................................................................................................................................................38
附录 总体效果图和程序图.........................................................................................................................39
